Here’s a comprehensive overview of all the Indian states and Union Territories (UTs), organized alphabetically, covering various aspects such as demarcation, land area, population, GDP contribution, budget allocations, dependence on the central government, agriculture, technology, demographics, cultural and social aspects, and languages.
---
A. Andhra Pradesh
1. Demarcation: Southeastern coastal state; borders Telangana, Odisha, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, and the Bay of Bengal.
2. Land Area: ~162,970 km².
3. Population: ~54 million (2021); Male-Female Ratio: 993 females/1,000 males.
4. GDP Contribution: Agriculture (~34%), Industry (~20%), Services (~46%).
5. Budget Volume: ₹2.79 lakh crore (2023-24).
6. Central Contribution & Dependence: Medium dependence; significant revenue from agriculture and IT.
7. Agriculture: Rice, sugarcane, cotton. Known as the "Rice Bowl of India."
8. Technology: Amaravati as a budding IT hub; focus on clean energy.
9. Culture: Kuchipudi dance, Carnatic music, and Andhra cuisine.
10. Language: Telugu (Classical language).
11. Prominent Literary Figures:
Pothana: Bhagavatam in Telugu.
Srinatha: Haravilasam.
---
B. Arunachal Pradesh
1. Demarcation: Northeastern state bordering China, Bhutan, and Myanmar.
2. Land Area: ~83,743 km².
3. Population: ~1.6 million; Male-Female Ratio: 938 females/1,000 males.
4. GDP Contribution: Agriculture (~38%), Services (~42%).
5. Budget Volume: ₹27,000 crore (2023-24).
6. Central Contribution & Dependence: High dependence due to infrastructure needs.
7. Agriculture: Rice, maize, and horticulture.
8. Technology: Limited; focus on renewable energy (hydropower).
9. Culture: Tribes like Nyishi, Apatani; traditional festivals like Losar.
10. Language: English (official); tribal languages like Adi and Nyishi.
11. Literary Heritage: Oral traditions dominate.
---
C. Assam
1. Demarcation: Northeastern state; borders Arunachal, Nagaland, Manipur, and international boundary with Bhutan and Bangladesh.
2. Land Area: ~78,438 km².
3. Population: ~36 million; Male-Female Ratio: 958 females/1,000 males.
4. GDP Contribution: Tea, oil, agriculture.
5. Budget Volume: ₹1.39 lakh crore (2023-24).
6. Agriculture: Tea (50% of India's production), rice, mustard.
7. Technology: Guwahati emerging as an IT hub.
8. Culture: Bihu dance, Sattriya classical dance.
9. Language: Assamese, Bodo.
10. Prominent Literary Figures:
Lakshminath Bezbaroa: Father of Assamese literature.
Mamang Dai: Modern poetry and prose.
---
D. Bihar
1. Demarcation: Eastern state; borders Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand, and West Bengal.
2. Land Area: ~94,163 km².
3. Population: ~124 million; Male-Female Ratio: 919 females/1,000 males.
4. GDP Contribution: Agriculture-dominated (~55%).
5. Budget Volume: ₹2.61 lakh crore (2023-24).
6. Central Contribution & Dependence: High dependence; labor exports significant.
7. Agriculture: Paddy, wheat, maize.
8. Technology: Limited; Patna emerging in IT.
9. Culture: Birthplace of Buddhism and Jainism; Madhubani painting.
10. Language: Hindi, Bhojpuri, Maithili.
11. Prominent Literary Figures:
Ramdhari Singh Dinkar: Poet.
Phanishwar Nath Renu: Novelist.
---
E. Chhattisgarh
1. Demarcation: Central state; borders Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha.
2. Land Area: ~135,194 km².
3. Population: ~30 million; Male-Female Ratio: 991 females/1,000 males.
4. GDP Contribution: Industry (~30%), agriculture (~20%), services (~50%).
5. Budget Volume: ₹1.12 lakh crore (2023-24).
6. Central Contribution & Dependence: Medium; focus on minerals and coal.
7. Agriculture: Rice, pulses.
8. Technology: Rapid growth in IT, AI in Raipur.
9. Culture: Bastar Dussehra, tribal art.
10. Language: Chhattisgarhi, Hindi.
Continuing with the next states alphabetically:
---
F. Goa
1. Demarcation: Western coastal state; borders Maharashtra, Karnataka, and the Arabian Sea.
2. Land Area: ~3,702 km² (smallest state by area).
3. Population: ~1.5 million; Male-Female Ratio: 973 females/1,000 males.
4. GDP Contribution: Tourism (~40%), mining (~15%), agriculture (~10%), services (~35%).
5. Budget Volume: ₹26,844 crore (2023-24).
6. Central Contribution & Dependence: Low dependence; high revenue from tourism.
7. Agriculture: Cashew, rice, coconut.
8. Technology: Growth in IT and startups, aided by government incentives.
9. Culture: Portuguese influence, vibrant festivals like Carnival and Shigmo.
10. Language: Konkani (official), Marathi, English.
11. Prominent Literary Figures:
Manohar Rai Sardesai: Prominent poet.
Damodar Mauzo: Noted Konkani writer.
---
G. Gujarat
1. Demarcation: Western state; borders Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, and the Arabian Sea.
2. Land Area: ~196,024 km².
3. Population: ~64 million; Male-Female Ratio: 919 females/1,000 males.
4. GDP Contribution: Industry (~40%), services (~45%), agriculture (~15%).
5. Budget Volume: ₹3.01 lakh crore (2023-24).
6. Central Contribution & Dependence: Significant contributor through industries and ports.
7. Agriculture: Cotton, groundnuts, sugarcane.
8. Technology: Ahmedabad, Surat, and Gandhinagar emerging as tech hubs; investments in renewable energy.
9. Culture: Garba dance, rich traditions in textiles and crafts.
10. Language: Gujarati (official).
11. Prominent Literary Figures:
Narmad: Narmagadya.
Govardhanram Tripathi: Saraswatichandra.
---
H. Haryana
1. Demarcation: Northern state; borders Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, and Delhi.
2. Land Area: ~44,212 km².
3. Population: ~28 million; Male-Female Ratio: 879 females/1,000 males.
4. GDP Contribution: Agriculture (~27%), industry (~33%), services (~40%).
5. Budget Volume: ₹1.83 lakh crore (2023-24).
6. Central Contribution & Dependence: Contributes significantly via agriculture and industries.
7. Agriculture: Wheat, rice, sugarcane.
8. Technology: Gurgaon is a leading IT and BPO hub.
9. Culture: Haryanvi folk music, dance like Ghoomar.
10. Language: Hindi (official), Haryanvi dialect.
11. Prominent Literary Figures:
Surdas: Poet of Braj Bhasha.
---
I. Himachal Pradesh
1. Demarcation: Northern Himalayan state; borders Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, and Uttarakhand.
2. Land Area: ~55,673 km².
3. Population: ~7.4 million; Male-Female Ratio: 972 females/1,000 males.
4. GDP Contribution: Agriculture (~12%), services (~55%), hydropower (~10%).
5. Budget Volume: ₹53,413 crore (2023-24).
6. Central Contribution & Dependence: Moderate dependence due to tourism and agriculture.
7. Agriculture: Apples, plums, maize.
8. Technology: Hydro and solar energy projects; Shimla tech growth initiatives.
9. Culture: Festivals like Kullu Dussehra, Himachali music and dance.
10. Language: Hindi (official), Pahari dialects.
11. Prominent Literary Figures:
K. L. Sethia: Poems in Hindi and Rajasthani.
---
J. Jammu & Kashmir
1. Demarcation: Northernmost UT; borders Ladakh, Himachal Pradesh, Pakistan.
2. Land Area: ~55,673 km² (UT after 2019 reorganization).
3. Population: ~12.5 million; Male-Female Ratio: 889 females/1,000 males.
4. GDP Contribution: Agriculture (~35%), services (~50%), handicrafts (~15%).
5. Budget Volume: ₹1.18 lakh crore (2023-24).
6. Central Contribution & Dependence: High dependence on central funding.
7. Agriculture: Apples, saffron, walnut.
8. Technology: Emerging IT parks in Srinagar and Jammu.
9. Culture: Kashmiri handicrafts, Sufi music, Amarnath Yatra.
10. Language: Urdu (official), Kashmiri, Dogri.
11. Prominent Literary Figures:
Sheikh Noor-ud-din: Mystical poet.
Lal Ded: Spiritual sayings.
---
K. Jharkhand
1. Demarcation: Eastern state; borders Bihar, Odisha, Chhattisgarh, and West Bengal.
2. Land Area: ~79,716 km².
3. Population: ~39.3 million; Male-Female Ratio: 948 females/1,000 males.
4. GDP Contribution: Minerals (~20%), industry (~25%), services (~35%).
5. Budget Volume: ₹1.16 lakh crore (2023-24).
6. Central Contribution & Dependence: High dependence; major mining state.
7. Agriculture: Rice, maize, pulses.
8. Technology: Ranchi emerging as an IT hub.
9. Culture: Tribal festivals, Santhal traditions.
10. Language: Hindi (official), tribal languages like Santhali.
11. Prominent Literary Figures:
Jaipal Singh Munda: Advocated tribal culture and education.
Continuing with the alphabetical overview of Indian states and Union Territories:
---
L. Karnataka
1. Demarcation: Southwestern state; borders Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Goa, and the Arabian Sea.
2. Land Area: ~191,791 km².
3. Population: ~68 million; Male-Female Ratio: 973 females/1,000 males.
4. GDP Contribution: IT (~55%), agriculture (~12%), industry (~33%).
5. Budget Volume: ₹3.27 lakh crore (2023-24).
6. Central Contribution & Dependence: Major contributor through IT and industrial hubs.
7. Agriculture: Ragi, sugarcane, coffee (largest coffee producer in India).
8. Technology: Bengaluru is India’s Silicon Valley, focusing on AI, biotech, and startups.
9. Culture: Classical music (Carnatic), Yakshagana dance, and Kannada cinema.
10. Language: Kannada (Classical language).
11. Prominent Literary Figures:
Kuvempu: Ramayana Darshanam.
U. R. Ananthamurthy: Samskara.
---
M. Kerala
1. Demarcation: Southwestern state; borders Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, and the Arabian Sea.
2. Land Area: ~38,863 km².
3. Population: ~35 million; Male-Female Ratio: 1,084 females/1,000 males (highest in India).
4. GDP Contribution: Tourism (~10%), remittances (~30%), agriculture (~12%).
5. Budget Volume: ₹2.43 lakh crore (2023-24).
6. Central Contribution & Dependence: Moderate dependence; high remittance inflows.
7. Agriculture: Spices (pepper, cardamom), rubber, coconut.
8. Technology: Technopark in Thiruvananthapuram, focus on green energy.
9. Culture: Kathakali, Ayurveda, and Onam festival.
10. Language: Malayalam (Classical language).
11. Prominent Literary Figures:
Ezhuthachan: Father of Malayalam literature.
Kamala Das: Renowned poet and novelist.
---
N. Madhya Pradesh
1. Demarcation: Central state; borders Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Gujarat, and Chhattisgarh.
2. Land Area: ~308,350 km².
3. Population: ~85 million; Male-Female Ratio: 930 females/1,000 males.
4. GDP Contribution: Agriculture (~30%), services (~40%), industry (~30%).
5. Budget Volume: ₹3.14 lakh crore (2023-24).
6. Central Contribution & Dependence: Moderate dependence; strong agriculture and tourism sector.
7. Agriculture: Wheat, soybean, pulses (largest producer of soybean in India).
8. Technology: Growth in IT and industrial clusters in Indore and Bhopal.
9. Culture: Khajuraho temples, tribal traditions.
10. Language: Hindi (official).
11. Prominent Literary Figures:
Bhavabhuti: Sanskrit dramatist.
Makhanlal Chaturvedi: Hindi poet.
O. Maharashtra
1. Demarcation: Western state; borders Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka, Goa, and the Arabian Sea.
O. Maharashtra (continued)
2. Land Area: ~307,713 km².
3. Population: ~125 million; Male-Female Ratio: 929 females/1,000 males.
4. GDP Contribution: Services (~60%), industry (~25%), agriculture (~15%); contributes ~15% of India’s GDP (highest).
5. Budget Volume: ₹5.47 lakh crore (2023-24).
6. Central Contribution & Dependence: Major contributor via Mumbai (financial capital). Low dependence.
7. Agriculture: Sugarcane, cotton, onions, grapes.
8. Technology: IT hubs in Pune and Mumbai; fintech and AI advancements.
9. Culture: Lavani dance, Ganesh Chaturthi, Marathi cinema.
10. Language: Marathi (official).
11. Prominent Literary Figures:
P. L. Deshpande: Renowned humorist.
Vishnu Sakharam Khandekar: Yayati.
---
P. Manipur
1. Demarcation: Northeastern state; borders Nagaland, Mizoram, Assam, and Myanmar.
2. Land Area: ~22,327 km².
3. Population: ~3.2 million; Male-Female Ratio: 985 females/1,000 males.
4. GDP Contribution: Agriculture (~30%), services (~50%), handicrafts (~15%).
5. Budget Volume: ₹38,000 crore (2023-24).
6. Central Contribution & Dependence: High dependence on central funds.
7. Agriculture: Rice, maize, sugarcane.
8. Technology: Growth in IT and digital initiatives.
9. Culture: Manipuri dance, Lai Haraoba festival.
10. Language: Manipuri (Meitei, official).
11. Prominent Literary Figures:
Hijam Anganghal: Poet of Khamba Thoibi.
---
Q. Meghalaya
1. Demarcation: Northeastern state; borders Assam and Bangladesh.
2. Land Area: ~22,429 km².
3. Population: ~3.9 million; Male-Female Ratio: 989 females/1,000 males.
4. GDP Contribution: Agriculture (~25%), tourism (~20%), services (~40%).
5. Budget Volume: ₹18,000 crore (2023-24).
6. Central Contribution & Dependence: High dependence on central funding.
7. Agriculture: Oranges, ginger, betel leaves.
8. Technology: Initiatives in hydropower and green energy.
9. Culture: Khasi and Garo traditions, Nongkrem dance.
10. Language: English (official), Khasi, Garo.
11. Prominent Literary Figures:
Riti Academy of Visual Arts promotes Khasi literature.
---
R. Mizoram
1. Demarcation: Northeastern state; borders Assam, Manipur, Tripura, and Myanmar.
2. Land Area: ~21,081 km².
3. Population: ~1.2 million; Male-Female Ratio: 976 females/1,000 males.
4. GDP Contribution: Agriculture (~35%), services (~50%), handicrafts (~10%).
5. Budget Volume: ₹14,210 crore (2023-24).
6. Central Contribution & Dependence: High dependence on central funds.
7. Agriculture: Bamboo, rice, horticulture.
8. Technology: Solar energy and IT projects.
9. Culture: Chapchar Kut festival, Mizo folk music.
10. Language: Mizo (Lushai, official).
11. Prominent Literary Figures:
Lalzuithanga: Renowned Mizo writer.
---
S. Nagaland
1. Demarcation: Northeastern state; borders Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, and Myanmar.
2. Land Area: ~16,579 km².
3. Population: ~2.2 million; Male-Female Ratio: 931 females/1,000 males.
4. GDP Contribution: Agriculture (~25%), tourism (~15%), services (~40%).
5. Budget Volume: ₹22,817 crore (2023-24).
6. Central Contribution & Dependence: High dependence on central support.
7. Agriculture: Rice, maize, millet.
8. Technology: Growth in rural electrification and IT outreach.
9. Culture: Hornbill Festival, tribal dances.
10. Language: English (official), tribal languages like Ao and Angami.
11. Prominent Literary Figures:
Easterine Kire: Noted Naga writer.
---
T. Odisha
1. Demarcation: Eastern state; borders Jharkhand, West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh, and Chhattisgarh.
2. Land Area: ~155,707 km².
3. Population: ~46 million; Male-Female Ratio: 978 females/1,000 males.
4. GDP Contribution: Industry (~35%), services (~40%), agriculture (~15%).
5. Budget Volume: ₹2.3 lakh crore (2023-24).
6. Central Contribution & Dependence: Contributes through minerals; moderate dependence.
7. Agriculture: Rice, pulses, oilseeds.
8. Technology: Growth in IT parks in Bhubaneswar; renewable energy.
9. Culture: Odissi dance, Rath Yatra, Jagannath Temple.
10. Language: Odia (Classical language).
11. Prominent Literary Figures:
Fakir Mohan Senapati: Chha Mana Atha Guntha.
Sarala Das: Mahabharata in Odia.
T. Punjab
1. Demarcation: Northern state; borders Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, Rajasthan, Jammu & Kashmir, and Pakistan.
2. Land Area: ~50,362 km².
3. Population: ~30 million; Male-Female Ratio: 890 females/1,000 males.
4. GDP Contribution: Agriculture (~30%), industry (~25%), services (~45%).
5. Budget Volume: ₹1.96 lakh crore (2023-24).
6. Central Contribution & Dependence: Major contributor to food grain supply; moderate dependence.
7. Agriculture: Wheat (highest producer), rice, sugarcane.
8. Technology: Development in agri-tech and bioenergy.
9. Culture: Bhangra dance, Gurudwaras, and festivals like Baisakhi.
10. Language: Punjabi (official).
11. Prominent Literary Figures:
Amrita Pritam: Pinjar.
Shiv Kumar Batalvi: Famous for romantic poetry.
---
U. Rajasthan
1. Demarcation: Northwestern state; borders Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, and Pakistan.
2. Land Area: ~342,239 km² (largest state by area).
3. Population: ~80 million; Male-Female Ratio: 928 females/1,000 males.
4. GDP Contribution: Tourism (~15%), agriculture (~30%), mining (~20%), services (~35%).
5. Budget Volume: ₹3.83 lakh crore (2023-24).
6. Central Contribution & Dependence: Significant dependence on central schemes; contributes through tourism and minerals.
7. Agriculture: Bajra, wheat, mustard.
8. Technology: Solar and wind energy hubs.
9. Culture: Rajasthani folk dance (Ghoomar), forts, camel fairs.
10. Language: Hindi (official), Rajasthani dialects.
11. Prominent Literary Figures:
Kanhaiyalal Sethia: Rajasthani poet.
Vijaydan Detha: Bataan ri Phulwari.
---
V. Sikkim
1. Demarcation: Northeastern state; borders Bhutan, Nepal, West Bengal, and China.
2. Land Area: ~7,096 km².
3. Population: ~680,000; Male-Female Ratio: 957 females/1,000 males.
4. GDP Contribution: Tourism (~30%), agriculture (~15%), services (~40%).
5. Budget Volume: ₹11,500 crore (2023-24).
6. Central Contribution & Dependence: High dependence on central support.
7. Agriculture: Cardamom, ginger, organic farming.
8. Technology: Prominent in organic agriculture innovations.
9. Culture: Buddhist monasteries, Losar festival.
10. Language: Nepali (official), Bhutia, Lepcha.
11. Prominent Literary Figures:
Indra Bahadur Rai: Nepali novelist and essayist.
---
W. Tamil Nadu
1. Demarcation: Southern state; borders Kerala, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, and the Bay of Bengal.
2. Land Area: ~130,058 km².
3. Population: ~72 million; Male-Female Ratio: 996 females/1,000 males.
4. GDP Contribution: Industry (~35%), IT (~25%), agriculture (~10%).
5. Budget Volume: ₹3.28 lakh crore (2023-24).
6. Central Contribution & Dependence: Major contributor via textiles, IT, and auto industries.
7. Agriculture: Rice, sugarcane, coconut.
8. Technology: IT hubs in Chennai and Coimbatore; focus on AI and manufacturing tech.
9. Culture: Bharatanatyam dance, Tamil cinema, Pongal festival.
10. Language: Tamil (Classical language).
11. Prominent Literary Figures:
Thiruvalluvar: Thirukkural.
Subramania Bharati: Renowned poet and freedom fighter.
---
X. Telangana
1. Demarcation: Southern state; borders Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Maharashtra, and Chhattisgarh.
2. Land Area: ~112,077 km².
3. Population: ~40 million; Male-Female Ratio: 988 females/1,000 males.
4. GDP Contribution: IT (~30%), agriculture (~20%), services (~50%).
5. Budget Volume: ₹2.9 lakh crore (2023-24).
6. Central Contribution & Dependence: Significant contributor through Hyderabad’s IT and pharma industries.
7. Agriculture: Paddy, maize, cotton.
8. Technology: Hyderabad as a global IT and pharmaceutical hub.
9. Culture: Bathukamma festival, Golconda Fort.
10. Language: Telugu (official), Urdu.
11. Prominent Literary Figures:
Pothana: Telugu poet; Bhagavata Purana.
Y. Tripura
1. Demarcation: Northeastern state; borders Assam, Mizoram, and Bangladesh.
2. Land Area: ~10,491 km².
3. Population: ~4 million; Male-Female Ratio: 961 females/1,000 males.
4. GDP Contribution: Agriculture (~30%), tourism (~10%), services (~50%).
5. Budget Volume: ₹27,000 crore (2023-24).
6. Central Contribution & Dependence: High dependence on central schemes.
7. Agriculture: Rice, jute, tea.
8. Technology: Focus on renewable energy and rural connectivity.
9. Culture: Tripuri dance, Durga Puja.
10. Language: Bengali, Kokborok (official).
11. Prominent Literary Figures:
Samir Ranjan Bhattacharjee: Renowned author and poet.
Z. Uttar Pradesh
1. Demarcation: Northern state; borders Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, and Nepal.
2. Land Area: ~243,286 km².
3. Population: ~240 million (highest); Male-Female Ratio: 912 females/1,000 males.
4. GDP Contribution: Agriculture (~30%), industry (~20%), services (~50%).
5. Budget Volume: ₹6.9 lakh crore (2023-24).
6. Central Contribution & Dependence: Major contributor through agriculture; moderate dependence.
7. Agriculture: Sugarcane, wheat, rice.
8. Technology: Emerging IT parks in Noida and Lucknow.
9. Culture: Kathak dance, Kumbh Mela, Ayodhya Ram Mandir.
10. Language: Hindi (official), Urdu.
11. Prominent Literary Figures:
Tulsidas: Ramcharitmanas.
Munshi Premchand: Godan.
AA. Uttarakhand
1. Demarcation: Northern state; borders Uttar Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, Tibet (China), and Nepal.
2. Land Area: ~53,483 km².
3. Population: ~11 million; Male-Female Ratio: 963 females/1,000 males.
4. GDP Contribution: Tourism (~25%), agriculture (~20%), hydropower and industries (~30%).
5. Budget Volume: ₹79,000 crore (2023-24).
6. Central Contribution & Dependence: High dependence on central funds, especially for infrastructure and disaster relief.
7. Agriculture: Rice, wheat, sugarcane.
8. Technology: Development of eco-tourism, green energy, and IT hubs.
9. Culture: Char Dham Yatra, traditional folk music, and dance.
10. Language: Hindi (official), Garhwali, Kumaoni.
11. Prominent Literary Figures:
Sumitranandan Pant: Renowned Hindi poet, known for his works on nature and philosophy.
---
BB. West Bengal
1. Demarcation: Eastern state; borders Bihar, Jharkhand, Odisha, Sikkim, Assam, Bangladesh, Bhutan, and the Bay of Bengal.
2. Land Area: ~88,752 km².
3. Population: ~100 million; Male-Female Ratio: 950 females/1,000 males.
4. GDP Contribution: Agriculture (~20%), industries (~25%), services (~55%).
5. Budget Volume: ₹3.2 lakh crore (2023-24).
6. Central Contribution & Dependence: Major contributor in agriculture and jute; moderate dependence on central schemes.
7. Agriculture: Rice, jute, tea.
8. Technology: IT hubs in Kolkata and Durgapur; focus on fintech and logistics.
9. Culture: Durga Puja, Bengali cinema, Rabindra Sangeet.
10. Language: Bengali (official).
11. Prominent Literary Figures:
Rabindranath Tagore: Gitanjali (Nobel Prize).
Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay: Anandamath (origin of Vande Mataram).
---
CC. Andaman & Nicobar Islands (Union Territory)
1. Demarcation: Group of islands in the Bay of Bengal.
2. Land Area: ~8,249 km².
3. Population: ~400,000; Male-Female Ratio: 876 females/1,000 males.
4. GDP Contribution: Tourism (~50%), fisheries (~20%), forestry (~10%).
5. Budget Volume: ₹6,000 crore (2023-24).
6. Central Contribution & Dependence: Fully dependent on the central government.
7. Agriculture: Coconut, areca nut.
8. Technology: Focus on renewable energy and marine research.
9. Culture: Nicobarese tribal culture; Cellular Jail National Memorial.
10. Language: Hindi, Nicobarese, Tamil, Bengali.
---
DD. Chandigarh (Union Territory)
1. Demarcation: Union Territory serving as the capital of Punjab and Haryana.
2. Land Area: ~114 km².
3. Population: ~1.1 million; Male-Female Ratio: 818 females/1,000 males.
4. GDP Contribution: Services (~70%), industry (~20%).
5. Budget Volume: ₹6,885 crore (2023-24).
6. Central Contribution & Dependence: Moderately dependent; contributes through services.
7. Agriculture: Minimal due to urbanization.
8. Technology: Emerging as a smart city with IT initiatives.
9. Culture: Known for modern architecture (Le Corbusier).
10. Language: Punjabi, Hindi (official), English.
---
EE. Delhi (National Capital Territory)
1. Demarcation: Union Territory in Northern India.
2. Land Area: ~1,484 km².
3. Population: ~20 million; Male-Female Ratio: 868 females/1,000 males.
4. GDP Contribution: Services (~80%), real estate (~10%), industry (~10%).
5. Budget Volume: ₹78,800 crore (2023-24).
6. Central Contribution & Dependence: Major revenue generator; reliant on central schemes for infrastructure.
7. Agriculture: Negligible; urbanized area.
8. Technology: IT and digital governance initiatives.
9. Culture: Rich historical landmarks like Red Fort, Qutub Minar.
10. Language: Hindi, Punjabi, Urdu (official).
11. Prominent Literary Figures:
Khushwant Singh: Train to Pakistan.
Arundhati Roy: The God of Small Things.
---
FF. Lakshadweep (Union Territory)
1. Demarcation: Group of islands in the Arabian Sea.
2. Land Area: ~32 km².
3. Population: ~70,000; Male-Female Ratio: 946 females/1,000 males.
4. GDP Contribution: Fisheries (~50%), tourism (~25%).
5. Budget Volume: ₹1,800 crore (2023-24).
6. Central Contribution & Dependence: Fully dependent on central funds.
7. Agriculture: Coconut, coir.
8. Technology: Limited tech advancement; focus on sustainable practices.
9. Culture: Islamic traditions dominate.
10. Language: Malayalam, Mahl.
GG. Jammu & Kashmir (Union Territory)
1. Demarcation: Northernmost Union Territory; bordered by Ladakh, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, and international borders with Pakistan and China.
2. Land Area: ~55,673 km².
3. Population: ~13 million; Male-Female Ratio: 889 females/1,000 males.
4. GDP Contribution: Tourism (~35%), horticulture (~30%), handicrafts (~10%).
5. Budget Volume: ₹1.18 lakh crore (2023-24).
6. Central Contribution & Dependence: High dependence on central government for developmental projects and security.
7. Agriculture: Apples, saffron, walnuts.
8. Technology: Focus on hydropower, connectivity, and e-governance.
9. Culture: Kashmiri cuisine, Sufi traditions, houseboats.
10. Language: Urdu, Kashmiri, Dogri, Hindi, English.
11. Prominent Literary Figures:
Habba Khatoon: Renowned Kashmiri poetess.
Sheikh Noor-ud-din Noorani: Sufi mystic and poet.
---
HH. Ladakh (Union Territory)
1. Demarcation: Mountainous Union Territory; borders Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, and China.
2. Land Area: ~59,146 km².
3. Population: ~300,000; Male-Female Ratio: 884 females/1,000 males.
4. GDP Contribution: Tourism (~40%), agriculture (~20%), renewable energy (~10%).
5. Budget Volume: ₹6,700 crore (2023-24).
6. Central Contribution & Dependence: Fully dependent on central funds.
7. Agriculture: Barley, apples, apricots.
8. Technology: Solar and wind energy projects.
9. Culture: Monasteries, Ladakhi dance, festivals like Hemis.
10. Language: Ladakhi, Tibetan, Urdu, Hindi.
11. Prominent Literary Figures:
Tsering Dorje: Known for Ladakhi literature and folklore.
---
II. Puducherry (Union Territory)
1. Demarcation: Southern Union Territory comprising four districts: Puducherry, Karaikal, Mahe, and Yanam.
2. Land Area: ~483 km².
3. Population: ~1.25 million; Male-Female Ratio: 1037 females/1,000 males.
4. GDP Contribution: Tourism (~35%), agriculture (~25%), services (~30%).
5. Budget Volume: ₹11,600 crore (2023-24).
6. Central Contribution & Dependence: Moderately dependent on central support.
7. Agriculture: Paddy, pulses, sugarcane.
8. Technology: IT services and coastal management.
9. Culture: French colonial architecture, Auroville.
10. Language: Tamil (official), Telugu, Malayalam, French.
11. Prominent Literary Figures:
Subramania Bharati: Tamil poet and freedom fighter.
---
JJ. Telangana
1. Demarcation: South-central state; borders Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Maharashtra, and Chhattisgarh.
2. Land Area: ~112,077 km².
3. Population: ~40 million; Male-Female Ratio: 988 females/1,000 males.
4. GDP Contribution: IT and services (~60%), agriculture (~20%).
5. Budget Volume: ₹2.9 lakh crore (2023-24).
6. Central Contribution & Dependence: Significant contributor through IT and pharmaceuticals.
7. Agriculture: Rice, cotton, maize.
8. Technology: Hyderabad is a global IT hub with companies like TCS, Infosys.
9. Culture: Charminar, Bathukamma festival, Qutb Shahi heritage.
10. Language: Telugu (official), Urdu.
11. Prominent Literary Figures:
Kaloji Narayana Rao: Celebrated poet and social reformer.
---
KK. Tripura
1. Demarcation: Northeastern state; borders Assam, Mizoram, and Bangladesh.
2. Land Area: ~10,486 km².
3. Population: ~4 million; Male-Female Ratio: 961 females/1,000 males.
4. GDP Contribution: Agriculture (~40%), industries (~20%).
5. Budget Volume: ₹27,000 crore (2023-24).
6. Central Contribution & Dependence: High dependence due to infrastructure challenges.
7. Agriculture: Rice, rubber, pineapple.
8. Technology: Developing IT parks and bamboo-based industries.
9. Culture: Tribal dances, Durga Puja.
10. Language: Bengali, Kokborok, English.
11. Prominent Literary Figures:
Dinesh Debbarma: Prominent writer in Kokborok literature.
No comments:
Post a Comment