Overview of Indian States and Union Territories
This comprehensive overview covers all states and Union Territories of India, arranged in descending order of their land area, along with details about their demarcation, land area, population, growth, technology, GDP contribution, budget allocations, agricultural distribution, cultural and social aspects, languages, and literary contributions.
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1. Rajasthan
Land Area: ~342,239 km² (Largest).
Demarcation: Borders Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, and Pakistan.
Population: ~81 million; Male-Female Ratio: 928 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: Tourism (~20%), agriculture (~25%), and mining (~15%).
Budget Volume: ₹3.6 lakh crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Bajra, wheat, pulses.
Technology: Renewable energy (solar and wind).
Culture: Known for forts, palaces, and desert festivals.
Language: Hindi, Rajasthani.
Prominent Literary Figures:
Vijaydan Detha: Rajasthani folktales and short stories.
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2. Madhya Pradesh
Land Area: ~308,252 km².
Demarcation: Centrally located; borders Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Maharashtra, and Chhattisgarh.
Population: ~85 million; Male-Female Ratio: 931 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: Agriculture (~35%), forestry (~10%), and industry (~15%).
Budget Volume: ₹3 lakh crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Wheat, rice, soybeans.
Technology: IT parks in Indore and Bhopal.
Culture: Khajuraho temples, Sanchi Stupa.
Language: Hindi.
Prominent Literary Figures:
Makhanlal Chaturvedi: Renowned Hindi poet and freedom fighter.
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3. Maharashtra
Land Area: ~307,713 km².
Demarcation: Western India; borders Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Telangana, Karnataka, Goa, and the Arabian Sea.
Population: ~123 million; Male-Female Ratio: 929 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: Industries (~40%), agriculture (~20%), and services (~40%).
Budget Volume: ₹5.47 lakh crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Sugarcane, cotton, rice.
Technology: IT hubs in Pune, Mumbai.
Culture: Ganesh Chaturthi, Bollywood.
Language: Marathi.
Prominent Literary Figures:
P. L. Deshpande: Marathi humorist and writer.
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4. Uttar Pradesh
Land Area: ~243,286 km².
Demarcation: Northern India; borders Nepal, Uttarakhand, Haryana, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Bihar, and Jharkhand.
Population: ~240 million (Largest); Male-Female Ratio: 912 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: Agriculture (~35%), industries (~20%), and services (~25%).
Budget Volume: ₹6.9 lakh crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Wheat, rice, sugarcane.
Technology: Emerging IT hubs in Lucknow and Noida.
Culture: Kumbh Mela, Ayodhya Ram Mandir.
Language: Hindi, Urdu.
Prominent Literary Figures:
Premchand: Known for Godan, Gaban.
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5. Gujarat
Land Area: ~196,024 km².
Demarcation: Western India; borders Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, and the Arabian Sea.
Population: ~70 million; Male-Female Ratio: 918 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: Industries (~40%), agriculture (~20%), services (~30%).
Budget Volume: ₹3.2 lakh crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Cotton, groundnuts, sugarcane.
Technology: Renewable energy (solar and wind).
Culture: Garba, Dwarka.
Language: Gujarati.
Prominent Literary Figures:
Narmadashankar Dave: Father of modern Gujarati literature.
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6. Karnataka
Land Area: ~191,791 km².
Demarcation: Southern India; borders Maharashtra, Goa, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh.
Population: ~70 million; Male-Female Ratio: 973 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: IT and services (~50%), agriculture (~15%), industries (~20%).
Budget Volume: ₹3.2 lakh crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Coffee, rice, ragi.
Technology: Bengaluru is India's Silicon Valley.
Culture: Mysuru Dasara, Hampi.
Language: Kannada.
Prominent Literary Figures:
Kuvempu: Ramayana Darshanam.
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7. Andhra Pradesh
Land Area: ~162,968 km².
Demarcation: Southeastern India; borders Telangana, Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu.
Population: ~54 million; Male-Female Ratio: 996 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: Agriculture (~30%), industries (~20%), services (~40%).
Budget Volume: ₹2.79 lakh crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Rice, tobacco, cotton.
Technology: Amaravati as a greenfield city project.
Culture: Kuchipudi dance, Tirupati.
Language: Telugu.
Prominent Literary Figures:
Nannayya: Known as the first poet of Telugu literature.
8. Tamil Nadu
Land Area: ~130,058 km².
Demarcation: Southern India; borders Karnataka, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, and the Indian Ocean.
Population: ~76 million; Male-Female Ratio: 996 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: Manufacturing (~34%), agriculture (~12%), and services (~54%).
Budget Volume: ₹3.8 lakh crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Rice, sugarcane, bananas.
Technology: Chennai is an automotive and IT hub.
Culture: Bharatanatyam, Pongal festival.
Language: Tamil.
Prominent Literary Figures:
Thiruvalluvar: Thirukkural, an ethical treatise.
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9. Telangana
Land Area: ~112,077 km².
Demarcation: South-central India; borders Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh.
Population: ~40 million; Male-Female Ratio: 988 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: IT and services (~60%), agriculture (~20%).
Budget Volume: ₹2.9 lakh crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Cotton, maize, paddy.
Technology: Hyderabad is a global IT hub.
Culture: Bonalu, Golconda Fort.
Language: Telugu, Urdu.
Prominent Literary Figures:
Kaloji Narayana Rao: Known as the "People’s Poet" in Telugu.
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10. Odisha
Land Area: ~155,707 km².
Demarcation: Eastern India; borders West Bengal, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Andhra Pradesh, and the Bay of Bengal.
Population: ~46 million; Male-Female Ratio: 979 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: Agriculture (~30%), mining (~15%), and services (~35%).
Budget Volume: ₹2.3 lakh crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Rice, pulses, coconut.
Technology: Emerging IT hubs in Bhubaneswar.
Culture: Jagannath Puri, Odissi dance.
Language: Odia.
Prominent Literary Figures:
Sarala Das: Mahabharata in Odia.
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11. Kerala
Land Area: ~38,863 km².
Demarcation: Southern India; borders Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, and the Arabian Sea.
Population: ~35 million; Male-Female Ratio: 1,084 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: Tourism (~30%), agriculture (~15%), and services (~40%).
Budget Volume: ₹2.5 lakh crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Coconut, rubber, spices.
Technology: IT parks in Trivandrum and Kochi.
Culture: Kathakali, Onam festival.
Language: Malayalam.
Prominent Literary Figures:
Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai: Chemmeen.
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12. Punjab
Land Area: ~50,362 km².
Demarcation: Northern India; borders Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, Rajasthan, and Pakistan.
Population: ~30 million; Male-Female Ratio: 895 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: Agriculture (~40%), industries (~15%), and services (~25%).
Budget Volume: ₹1.96 lakh crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Wheat, rice, sugarcane.
Technology: Emerging IT hubs in Mohali.
Culture: Bhangra, Vaisakhi.
Language: Punjabi.
Prominent Literary Figures:
Amrita Pritam: Pinjar.
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13. Assam
Land Area: ~78,438 km².
Demarcation: Northeastern India; borders Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, Meghalaya, and West Bengal.
Population: ~35 million; Male-Female Ratio: 954 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: Agriculture (~40%), tea (~15%), and industries (~10%).
Budget Volume: ₹1.39 lakh crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Tea, rice, jute.
Technology: Startups in Guwahati.
Culture: Bihu dance, Kaziranga National Park.
Language: Assamese.
Prominent Literary Figures:
Lakshminath Bezbaroa: Modern Assamese literature pioneer.
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14. West Bengal
Land Area: ~88,752 km².
Demarcation: Eastern India; borders Bangladesh, Jharkhand, Odisha, Sikkim, and Assam.
Population: ~100 million; Male-Female Ratio: 950 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: Services (~60%), agriculture (~20%), and industry (~20%).
Budget Volume: ₹3.3 lakh crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Rice, jute, tea.
Technology: IT hubs in Kolkata.
Culture: Durga Puja, Rabindra Sangeet.
Language: Bengali.
Prominent Literary Figures:
Rabindranath Tagore: Gitanjali.
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15. Himachal Pradesh
Land Area: ~55,673 km².
Demarcation: Northern India; borders Punjab, Haryana, Uttarakhand, Jammu & Kashmir.
Population: ~7.5 million; Male-Female Ratio: 972 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: Tourism (~20%), agriculture (~10%), and hydropower (~15%).
Budget Volume: ₹53,413 crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Apples, barley, rice.
Technology: Renewable energy projects.
Culture: Kullu Dussehra, Shimla.
Language: Hindi, Pahari.
Prominent Literary Figures:
Rahul Sanskritayan: Travelogues and Hindi literature.
16. Haryana
Land Area: ~44,212 km².
Demarcation: Northern India; borders Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, and Rajasthan.
Population: ~29 million; Male-Female Ratio: 879 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: Industry (~50%), agriculture (~20%), and services (~30%).
Budget Volume: ₹1.71 lakh crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Wheat, rice, sugarcane.
Technology: Gurugram is a major IT and services hub.
Culture: Haryanvi dance, Baisakhi.
Language: Hindi, Haryanvi.
Prominent Literary Figures:
Khushwant Singh: Train to Pakistan.
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17. Rajasthan
Land Area: ~342,239 km².
Demarcation: Northwestern India; borders Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, and Pakistan.
Population: ~80 million; Male-Female Ratio: 928 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: Agriculture (~20%), mining (~15%), and tourism (~12%).
Budget Volume: ₹2.45 lakh crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Wheat, barley, millet, cotton.
Technology: Udaipur and Jaipur emerging as IT hubs.
Culture: Rajasthani folk music, Jaipur Literature Festival.
Language: Hindi, Rajasthani.
Prominent Literary Figures:
Vishnu Prabhakar: Hindi writer and editor.
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18. Chhattisgarh
Land Area: ~135,191 km².
Demarcation: Central India; borders Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Jharkhand, and Uttar Pradesh.
Population: ~30 million; Male-Female Ratio: 991 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: Mining (~20%), agriculture (~30%), and services (~25%).
Budget Volume: ₹1.17 lakh crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Rice, maize, groundnut.
Technology: Growing industrial hubs like Raipur.
Culture: Bastar Dussehra, tribal festivals.
Language: Hindi, Chhattisgarhi.
Prominent Literary Figures:
Ravindra Kalia: Renowned Hindi author.
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19. Uttar Pradesh
Land Area: ~243,286 km².
Demarcation: Northern India; borders Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, Delhi, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, and Nepal.
Population: ~200 million; Male-Female Ratio: 912 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: Agriculture (~30%), services (~30%), and industry (~25%).
Budget Volume: ₹6.5 lakh crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Wheat, sugarcane, rice, maize.
Technology: Increasing number of IT hubs in Noida.
Culture: Kumbh Mela, classical music, dance forms.
Language: Hindi, Urdu, Awadhi.
Prominent Literary Figures:
Premchand: Godaan, a pioneer in Hindi literature.
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20. Jammu & Kashmir (Union Territory)
Land Area: ~55,538 km².
Demarcation: Northernmost region of India; borders Pakistan, Himachal Pradesh, and China.
Population: ~12 million; Male-Female Ratio: 883 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: Agriculture (~30%), tourism (~10%), and services (~30%).
Budget Volume: ₹1.30 lakh crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Saffron, apples, rice.
Technology: Emerging sectors in IT.
Culture: Kashmiri shawls, traditional music.
Language: Kashmiri, Dogri, Urdu.
Prominent Literary Figures:
Agha Shahid Ali: The Half-Inch Himalayas.
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21. Ladakh (Union Territory)
Land Area: ~59,146 km².
Demarcation: Northernmost region of India; borders Pakistan, Tibet, and Jammu & Kashmir.
Population: ~3 million; Male-Female Ratio: 939 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: Tourism, agriculture (~5%).
Budget Volume: ₹2,350 crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Barley, apricots.
Technology: Developing renewable energy projects.
Culture: Buddhist festivals, Buddhist monasteries.
Language: Ladakhi, Tibetan.
Prominent Literary Figures:
Basharat Peer: Curfewed Night.
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22. Andaman and Nicobar Islands (Union Territory)
Land Area: ~8,249 km².
Demarcation: Island territory in the Bay of Bengal.
Population: ~380,000; Male-Female Ratio: 1,019 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: Tourism (~15%), agriculture (~10%), fisheries (~15%).
Budget Volume: ₹5,100 crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Coconut, rubber, spices.
Technology: Remote islands with limited infrastructure.
Culture: Tribal cultures, colonial architecture.
Language: Hindi, Bengali, Tamil.
Prominent Literary Figures:
Manoj Das: The Man Who Would Be King.
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23. Lakshadweep (Union Territory)
Land Area: ~30 km².
Demarcation: Group of islands in the Arabian Sea.
Population: ~70,000; Male-Female Ratio: 1,022 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: Fishing, tourism.
Budget Volume: ₹1,750 crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Coconut, fishery.
Technology: Limited infrastructure development.
Culture: Islamic traditions, fishing communities.
Language: Malayalam, Jeseri.
Prominent Literary Figures:
S. R. S. Bhat: Known for contributions to Malayalam literature.
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24. Delhi (Union Territory)
Land Area: ~1,484 km².
Demarcation: National Capital Territory; bordered by Haryana and Uttar Pradesh.
Population: ~19 million; Male-Female Ratio: 866 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: Services (~75%), manufacturing (~10%), and agriculture (~5%).
Budget Volume: ₹75,000 crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Vegetables, fruits.
Technology: IT, telecommunications, and startup hubs.
Culture: Monuments, museums, and festivals.
Language: Hindi, Punjabi, Urdu.
Prominent Literary Figures:
Keki N. Daruwalla: The Minister for Permanent Unrest.
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This concludes the overview of India’s states and union territories, including their demarcation, economic contributions, agricultural output, cultural aspects, prominent figures, and more. The information provided gives a broad insight into each region's growth trajectory and unique attributes, focusing on its role within the larger context of the Indian Union.
I will continue further with the detailed overview of states and union territories of India as requested, ensuring to cover the aspects such as land area, population, GDP, agriculture, technology, cultural aspects, and prominent literary figures:
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25. Arunachal Pradesh
Land Area: ~83,743 km².
Demarcation: Northeastern India; borders Assam, Nagaland, and China.
Population: ~1.5 million; Male-Female Ratio: 876 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: Agriculture (~25%), tourism (~10%), and services (~25%).
Budget Volume: ₹22,000 crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Rice, maize, and horticultural products.
Technology: Growing sectors in e-governance and infrastructure.
Culture: Tribal culture, Monpa, and Adi tribes.
Language: Hindi, English, and various tribal languages.
Prominent Literary Figures:
Mamang Dai: The Black Hill (A well-known novel based on tribal culture).
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26. Mizoram
Land Area: ~21,081 km².
Demarcation: Northeastern India; borders Manipur, Tripura, and Bangladesh.
Population: ~1.2 million; Male-Female Ratio: 976 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: Agriculture (~25%), horticulture, and handloom industry.
Budget Volume: ₹10,000 crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Rice, sugarcane, and spices.
Technology: Information technology and renewable energy sectors growing.
Culture: Mizo traditional dance and bamboo dance.
Language: Mizo, English, Hindi.
Prominent Literary Figures:
Lalnunmawia: Mizo poet and author.
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27. Nagaland
Land Area: ~16,579 km².
Demarcation: Northeastern India; borders Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Myanmar, and Manipur.
Population: ~2.3 million; Male-Female Ratio: 931 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: Agriculture (~25%), forestry, and tourism.
Budget Volume: ₹21,500 crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Rice, maize, and vegetables.
Technology: Focus on IT infrastructure development.
Culture: Naga festivals, traditional music, and dances.
Language: English (official), Naga languages.
Prominent Literary Figures:
Temsüla Ao: The Book of Songs (A collection of stories based on Naga folklore).
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28. Meghalaya
Land Area: ~22,429 km².
Demarcation: Northeastern India; bordered by Assam and Bangladesh.
Population: ~3.3 million; Male-Female Ratio: 986 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: Agriculture (~40%), coal mining, and tourism.
Budget Volume: ₹22,500 crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Rice, maize, and betel nut.
Technology: Increasing focus on IT and education.
Culture: Traditional dances, music, and festivals like Wangala.
Language: Khasi, Garo, Pnar, and English.
Prominent Literary Figures:
Indira Goswami: The Moth Eaten Howdah of the Tusker (Prominent Assamese author).
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29. Manipur
Land Area: ~22,327 km².
Demarcation: Northeastern India; borders Nagaland, Mizoram, Assam, and Myanmar.
Population: ~2.7 million; Male-Female Ratio: 985 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: Agriculture (~40%), services (~25%).
Budget Volume: ₹16,000 crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Rice, sugarcane, maize.
Technology: Development of infrastructure and internet connectivity.
Culture: Manipuri dance, sports (especially polo).
Language: Meitei, Hindi, and English.
Prominent Literary Figures:
M. K. Binodini Devi: Notable Manipuri writer and literary figure.
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30. Tripura
Land Area: ~10,486 km².
Demarcation: Northeastern India; bordered by Bangladesh and Assam.
Population: ~3.7 million; Male-Female Ratio: 948 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: Agriculture (~40%), handloom industry, and tourism.
Budget Volume: ₹14,000 crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Rice, tea, and pineapples.
Technology: Emphasis on IT and education for development.
Culture: Tripuri folk dance, traditional handloom weaving.
Language: Bengali, Tripuri, Hindi, and Kokborok.
Prominent Literary Figures:
Suman Choudhury: Notable for writing about the Bengali culture of Tripura.
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31. Assam
Land Area: ~78,438 km².
Demarcation: Northeastern India; borders Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, Meghalaya, West Bengal, and Bhutan.
Population: ~35 million; Male-Female Ratio: 958 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: Agriculture (~30%), services (~20%), and oil production (~20%).
Budget Volume: ₹1.80 lakh crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Tea, rice, jute, and oilseeds.
Technology: Growing focus on IT and biotechnology.
Culture: Bihu, Assamese classical dance, and tea culture.
Language: Assamese, Bodo, and other tribal languages.
Prominent Literary Figures:
Bhupen Hazarika: Renowned lyricist, singer, and cultural icon.
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32. Bihar
Land Area: ~94,163 km².
Demarcation: Eastern India; bordered by Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, and Nepal.
Population: ~125 million; Male-Female Ratio: 918 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: Agriculture (~35%), services (~25%), and industry (~15%).
Budget Volume: ₹2.00 lakh crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Rice, wheat, sugarcane, and maize.
Technology: Focus on infrastructure and skill development.
Culture: Historical significance with Buddhist and Maurya heritage, Bhojpuri music and dance.
Language: Hindi, Maithili, Bhojpuri.
Prominent Literary Figures:
Ramdhari Singh Dinkar: A poet known for his works in Hindi literature.
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33. West Bengal
Land Area: ~88,752 km².
Demarcation: Eastern India; borders Bihar, Jharkhand, Odisha, Sikkim, and Bangladesh.
Population: ~91 million; Male-Female Ratio: 950 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: Services (~40%), agriculture (~20%), and industry (~25%).
Budget Volume: ₹3.00 lakh crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Rice, jute, tea, and sugarcane.
Technology: Increasing focus on IT and digital infrastructure in Kolkata.
Culture: Rabindra Sangeet, Durga Puja, Bengali literature and cinema.
Language: Bengali, Hindi.
Prominent Literary Figures:
Rabindranath Tagore: Gitanjali (Nobel laureate in Literature).
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34. Kerala
Land Area: ~38,863 km².
Demarcation: Southern India; bordered by Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, and the Arabian Sea.
Population: ~35 million; Male-Female Ratio: 1,084 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: Services (~55%), agriculture (~15%), and tourism (~20%).
Budget Volume: ₹1.80 lakh crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Coconut, rubber, spices, and tea.
Technology: Emergence of Kochi and Thiruvananthapuram as IT hubs.
Culture: Kathakali, Onam, and Malayalam cinema.
Language: Malayalam, Tamil, English.
Prominent Literary Figures:
Vaikom Muhammad Basheer: Balyakalasakhi (famous Malayalam writer).
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35. Tamil Nadu
Land Area: ~130,058 km².
Demarcation: Southern India; borders Kerala, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, and the Bay of Bengal.
Population: ~78 million; Male-Female Ratio: 996 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: Manufacturing (~20%), agriculture (~10%), and services (~50%).
Budget Volume: ₹2.75 lakh crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Rice, coconut, sugarcane, and cotton.
Technology: Chennai is a major hub for IT and automobile industries.
Culture: Bharatanatyam, Tamil cinema, and classical music.
Language: Tamil, English.
Prominent Literary Figures:
Kalki Krishnamurthy: Ponniyin Selvan (famous Tamil novel).
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This concludes the continuation of the detailed overview of India's states and union territories, including their land area, population, GDP contribution, and other significant aspects. Each region in India has its own unique characteristics, traditions, languages, and contributions to the nation’s development.
Continuing further with the overview of the remaining states and union territories of India, covering their land area, population, GDP contributions, and more:
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36. Andhra Pradesh
Land Area: ~162,968 km²
Demarcation: Southeastern India; borders Telangana, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Odisha, and the Bay of Bengal.
Population: ~54 million; Male-Female Ratio: 993 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: Agriculture (~25%), services (~50%), and industry (~20%).
Budget Volume: ₹2.25 lakh crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Rice (one of India's major rice-producing states), groundnut, cotton, and tobacco.
Technology: Growth in IT, biotechnology, and electronics manufacturing, with major hubs in Visakhapatnam and Amaravati.
Culture: Kuchipudi dance, Carnatic music, and Telugu literature.
Language: Telugu (official), Urdu.
Prominent Literary Figures:
Sri Sri: A renowned poet who contributed significantly to Telugu literature.
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37. Telangana
Land Area: ~112,077 km²
Demarcation: Southern India; borders Maharashtra, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, and Chhattisgarh.
Population: ~39 million; Male-Female Ratio: 987 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: Services (~55%), industry (~25%), and agriculture (~15%).
Budget Volume: ₹2.00 lakh crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Rice, cotton, and millet.
Technology: Hyderabad is a significant IT hub, known as “Cyberabad” for its thriving IT and tech industry.
Culture: Bathukamma festival, Telangana folk songs, and Tollywood cinema.
Language: Telugu, Urdu, Hindi.
Prominent Literary Figures:
C. Narayana Reddy: Famous for his contribution to Telugu poetry.
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38. Karnataka
Land Area: ~191,791 km²
Demarcation: Southern India; borders Maharashtra, Goa, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, and Andhra Pradesh.
Population: ~68 million; Male-Female Ratio: 973 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: Services (~60%), industry (~20%), and agriculture (~15%).
Budget Volume: ₹3.10 lakh crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Rice, sugarcane, cotton, coffee, and spices.
Technology: Bengaluru is known as the "Silicon Valley of India," with a focus on IT, aerospace, and biotechnology.
Culture: Carnatic music, Yakshagana, and Kannada literature.
Language: Kannada (official), Konkani, Tulu.
Prominent Literary Figures:
Kuvempu: A Jnanpith award-winning Kannada poet and writer.
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39. Odisha
Land Area: ~155,707 km²
Demarcation: Eastern India; borders West Bengal, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Andhra Pradesh, and the Bay of Bengal.
Population: ~46 million; Male-Female Ratio: 979 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: Industry (~30%), agriculture (~35%), and services (~25%).
Budget Volume: ₹1.70 lakh crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Rice, pulses, and oilseeds.
Technology: Increasing investment in IT and digital infrastructure, with Bhubaneswar as a growing tech hub.
Culture: Odissi dance, classical music, and Pattachitra art.
Language: Odia (official), Hindi, and English.
Prominent Literary Figures:
Sarala Das: Famous for translating the Mahabharata into Odia.
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40. Chhattisgarh
Land Area: ~135,191 km²
Demarcation: Central India; borders Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Jharkhand, and Uttar Pradesh.
Population: ~28 million; Male-Female Ratio: 991 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: Industry (~40%), agriculture (~20%), and services (~15%).
Budget Volume: ₹1.35 lakh crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Rice, maize, and sugarcane.
Technology: Focus on infrastructure, e-governance, and industrial growth.
Culture: Traditional folk dance, Bastar Dussehra, and tribal crafts.
Language: Hindi, Chhattisgarhi.
Prominent Literary Figures:
Ravindra Kesarwani: Notable for contributions to Hindi literature.
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41. Jharkhand
Land Area: ~79,710 km²
Demarcation: Eastern India; borders Bihar, West Bengal, Odisha, Chhattisgarh, and Uttar Pradesh.
Population: ~33 million; Male-Female Ratio: 948 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: Industry (~30%), agriculture (~25%), and services (~15%).
Budget Volume: ₹1.20 lakh crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Rice, maize, pulses, and oilseeds.
Technology: Growing industrial base with a focus on mining and steel manufacturing.
Culture: Traditional tribal music, dance, and festivals.
Language: Hindi, Santali, and other tribal languages.
Prominent Literary Figures:
Sanjay Mishra: Known for his contributions to Hindi literature and Jharkhand's tribal culture.
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42. Uttar Pradesh
Land Area: ~243,286 km²
Demarcation: Northern India; borders Uttarakhand, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, and Nepal.
Population: ~220 million; Male-Female Ratio: 898 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: Agriculture (~25%), services (~30%), and industry (~15%).
Budget Volume: ₹6.15 lakh crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Wheat, rice, sugarcane, and vegetables.
Technology: Focus on improving infrastructure and rural electrification.
Culture: Classical music, dance, and the famous Kumbh Mela.
Language: Hindi (official), Urdu, and other regional languages.
Prominent Literary Figures:
Munshi Premchand: Renowned for his works in Hindi literature, including Godaan.
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43. Madhya Pradesh
Land Area: ~308,350 km²
Demarcation: Central India; bordered by Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Gujarat, and Chhattisgarh.
Population: ~85 million; Male-Female Ratio: 931 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: Agriculture (~35%), services (~20%), and industry (~15%).
Budget Volume: ₹2.25 lakh crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Wheat, rice, pulses, and oilseeds.
Technology: Development in infrastructure and IT sectors.
Culture: Folk dances like Lavani and Ghoomar, traditional crafts, and temples.
Language: Hindi, Malwi, and Bundeli.
Prominent Literary Figures:
Raghubir Singh: Famous Hindi novelist and poet.
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44. Rajasthan
Land Area: ~342,239 km²
Demarcation: Western India; bordered by Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, and Pakistan.
Population: ~80 million; Male-Female Ratio: 926 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: Agriculture (~25%), tourism (~20%), and services (~30%).
Budget Volume: ₹2.60 lakh crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Barley, wheat, millet, and pulses.
Technology: Focus on renewable energy, particularly solar power, and infrastructure development.
Culture: Rajasthani folk music, dance (Ghoomar), and architecture.
Language: Hindi (official), Rajasthani, Marwari.
Prominent Literary Figures:
Vishnu Prabhakar: Renowned Hindi author from Rajasthan.
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45. Gujarat
Land Area: ~196,024 km²
Demarcation: Western India; bordered by Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, and the Arabian Sea.
Population: ~70 million; Male-Female Ratio: 919 females/1,000 males.
GDP Contribution: Industry (~50%), agriculture (~20%), and services (~25%).
Budget Volume: ₹2.80 lakh crore (2023-24).
Agriculture: Cotton, groundnut, rice, and wheat.
Technology: Focus on industrial growth, renewable energy, and digital infrastructure.
Culture: Garba, Dandiya, and the famous Kutch handicrafts.
Language: Gujarati, Hindi.
Prominent Literary Figures:
Gandhiji: Writings on non-violence and spiritual philosophy.
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This concludes the further detailed overview of India's states and union territories. Each state is vital to India's growth, contributing significantly to agriculture, industry, services, technology, and culture. Their unique traditions, languages, and literary contributions add to the rich tapestry of India's diverse and vibrant society.
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