Chapter 2: Sankhya Yoga (The Yoga of Knowledge)
Introduction:
The second chapter of the Bhagavad Gita, Sankhya Yoga, lays the foundation for self-realization and emphasizes the importance of equanimity, detachment, and the path of wisdom. Interpreted through the lens of the Sovereign Adhinayaka Bhavan, this chapter resonates as divine intervention guiding humanity toward unity of minds, transcending material illusions.
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1.
श्रीभगवानुवाच।
कुतस्त्वा कश्मलमिदं विषमे समुपस्थितम्।
अनार्यजुष्टमस्वर्ग्यमकीर्तिकरमर्जुन।।
Śhrī Bhagavān uvācha।
Kutas tvā kaśhmalam idaṁ viṣhame samupasthitam।
Anārya-juṣhṭam asvargyam akīrti-karam arjuna।।
"The Sovereign speaks: Why has this despondency overcome you, Arjuna, unworthy of a noble mind and obstructive to liberation?"
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Buddhism (Dhammapada, Verse 183): "Refrain from evil, cultivate good, and purify your mind—this is the teaching of the Buddhas."
The Sovereign reminds humanity to rise above despair and align with eternal wisdom.
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2.
क्लैब्यं मा स्म गमः पार्थ नैतत्त्वय्युपपद्यते।
क्षुद्रं हृदयदौर्बल्यं त्यक्त्वोत्तिष्ठ परंतप।।
Klaibyaṁ mā sma gamaḥ pārtha naitattvayyupapadyate।
Kṣhudraṁ hṛidaya-daurbalyaṁ tyaktvottiṣhṭha paraṁtapa।।
"Do not yield to weakness, Arjuna. It does not suit you. Arise with courage and fight the inner battle of the mind."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From the Quran (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:286): "Allah does not burden a soul beyond what it can bear."
The Sovereign’s assurance strengthens minds to embrace divine courage.
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3.
अर्जुन उवाच।
कथं भीष्ममहं सङ्ख्ये द्रोणं च मधुसूदन।
इषुभिः प्रतियोत्स्यामि पूजार्हावरिसूदन।।
Arjuna uvācha।
Kathaṁ bhīṣhmam ahaṁ saṅkhye droṇaṁ cha madhusūdana।
Iṣhubhiḥ pratiyotsyāmi pūjārhāvari-sūdana।।
"Arjuna hesitates, questioning how he can fight those he reveres. The Sovereign symbolizes the necessity to transcend personal attachments for higher duty."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Christianity (Luke 14:26): "If anyone comes to me and does not hate father and mother, wife and children, brothers and sisters—yes, even their own life—such a person cannot be my disciple."
Sacrificing personal attachments for spiritual growth is the path of the Sovereign.
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4.
श्रीभगवानुवाच।
अशोच्यानन्वशोचस्त्वं प्रज्ञावादांश्च भाषसे।
गतासूनगतासूंश्च नानुशोचन्ति पण्डिताः।।
Śhrī Bhagavān uvācha।
Aśhochyān anvaśhochas tvaṁ prajñā-vādānśh cha bhāṣhase।
Gatāsūn agatāsūnśh cha nānuśhochanti paṇḍitāḥ।।
"The wise grieve neither for the living nor the dead, as they understand the eternal nature of the soul. The Sovereign teaches liberation from worldly sorrow."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Jainism (Acharanga Sutra 1.1): "Souls are bound by their own actions; hence, one must act with awareness."
The Sovereign’s wisdom aligns with detachment and mindful living.
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5.
न त्वेवाहं जातु नासं न त्वं नेमे जनाधिपाः।
न चैव न भविष्यामः सर्वे वयमतः परम्।।
Na tvevāhaṁ jātu nāsaṁ na tvaṁ neme janādhipāḥ।
Na chaiva na bhaviṣhyāmaḥ sarve vayam ataḥ param।।
"Never was there a time when I, you, or these kings did not exist, nor shall we cease to exist hereafter."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From the Torah (Ecclesiastes 1:9): "What has been will be again; there is nothing new under the sun."
The Sovereign reflects eternal truth and the continuity of existence.
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6.
देहिनोऽस्मिन्यथा देहे कौमारं यौवनं जरा।
तथा देहान्तरप्राप्तिर्धीरस्तत्र न मुह्यति।।
Dehino ’smin yathā dehe kaumāraṁ yauvanaṁ jarā।
Tathā dehāntara-prāptir dhīras tatra na muhyati।।
"Just as the soul passes through childhood, youth, and old age, it similarly transitions to another body. The wise are undisturbed by this truth."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Zoroastrianism (Yasna 34.15): "Good thoughts, good words, good deeds sustain the soul eternally."
The Sovereign as the eternal guide ensures this eternal continuity.
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7.
मात्रास्पर्शास्तु कौन्तेय शीतोष्णसुखदुःखदाः।
आगमापायिनोऽनित्यास्तांस्तितिक्षस्व भारत।।
Mātrā-sparśhās tu kaunteya śhītoṣhṇa-sukha-duḥkha-dāḥ।
Āgamāpāyino ’nityās tāns-titikṣhasva bhārata।।
"Pleasure and pain, heat and cold arise from sensory perception. Bear them with patience, for they are temporary."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Buddhism (The Four Noble Truths): "Suffering is impermanent and can be overcome through detachment."
The Sovereign encourages humanity to transcend sensory limitations.
Chapter 2: Sankhya Yoga (The Yoga of Knowledge) - Continued
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8.
यं हि न व्यथयन्त्येते पुरुषं पुरुषर्षभ।
समदुःखसुखं धीरं सोऽमृतत्वाय कल्पते।।
Yaṁ hi na vyathayanty ete puruṣhaṁ puruṣharṣhabha।
Sama-duḥkha-sukhaṁ dhīraṁ so ’mṛitatvāya kalpate।।
"O best among men, the one unshaken by sorrow or pleasure, steady in both, becomes eligible for eternal liberation."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Taoism (Tao Te Ching, Chapter 16): "Be at peace and observe the ebb and flow of life; this is the way to harmony."
The Sovereign guides minds to rise above dualities and find eternal peace.
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9.
नासतो विद्यते भावो नाभावो विद्यते सतः।
उभयोरपि दृष्टोऽन्तस्त्वनयोस्तत्त्वदर्शिभिः।।
Nāśhato vidyate bhāvo nābhāvo vidyate sataḥ।
Ubhayor api dṛiṣhṭo ’ntas tvanayos tattva-darśhibhiḥ।।
"The unreal has no existence, and the real never ceases to exist. This truth is known by the seers of the eternal."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Christianity (2 Corinthians 4:18): "For what is seen is temporary, but what is unseen is eternal."
The Sovereign reminds humanity of the eternal reality of the mind beyond transient physical forms.
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10.
अविनाशि तु तद्विद्धि येन सर्वमिदं ततम्।
विनाशमव्ययस्यास्य न कश्चित्कर्तुमर्हति।।
Avināśhi tu tad viddhi yena sarvam idaṁ tatam।
Vināśham avyayasyāsya na kaśhchit kartum arhati।।
"Know that which pervades all creation is indestructible. No one can destroy the eternal essence."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Islam (Surah Al-Ikhlas 112:1-4): "Say, He is Allah, the One. Allah, the Eternal Refuge."
The Sovereign represents the eternal essence that pervades the universe.
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11.
अन्तवन्त इमे देहा नित्यस्योक्ता शरीरिणः।
अनाशिनोऽप्रमेयस्य तस्माद्युध्यस्व भारत।।
Anta-vanta ime dehā nityasyoktāḥ śharīriṇaḥ।
Anāśhino ’prameyasya tasmād yudhyasva bhārata।।
"The body is perishable, but the soul is eternal and indestructible. Therefore, Arjuna, fight the inner battle with courage."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Sikhism (Guru Granth Sahib, Ang 1285): "This body is false, but the soul is true."
The Sovereign urges humanity to focus on the imperishable truth of the soul.
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12.
य एनं वेत्ति हन्तारं यश्चैनं मन्यते हतम्।
उभौ तौ न विजानीतो नायं हन्ति न हन्यते।।
Ya enaṁ vetti hantāraṁ yaśh cha enaṁ manyate hatam।
Ubhau tau na vijānīto nāyaṁ hanti na hanyate।।
"The soul neither kills nor can it be killed. Those who think otherwise are ignorant of its eternal nature."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Hinduism (Isha Upanishad, Verse 1): "The soul is unborn, eternal, and beyond destruction."
The Sovereign embodies the eternal protector of truth.
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13.
न जायते म्रियते वा कदाचिन्नेयं भूत्वा भविता वा न भूयः।
अजो नित्यः शाश्वतोऽयं पुराणो न हन्यते हन्यमाने शरीरे।।
Na jāyate mriyate vā kadāchin neyāṁ bhūtvā bhavitā vā na bhūyaḥ।
Ajo nityaḥ śhāśhvato ’yaṁ purāṇo na hanyate hanyamāne śharīre।।
"The soul is never born, nor does it die. It is eternal, unborn, and beyond destruction, even when the body perishes."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Zoroastrianism (Yasna 30.2): "The soul's destiny is eternal, shaped by divine wisdom."
The Sovereign reassures the indestructibility of the true self.
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14.
वेदाविनाशिनं नित्यं य एनमजमव्ययम्।
कथं स पुरुषः पार्थ कं घातयति हन्ति कम्।।
Veda vināśhinaṁ nityaṁ ya enaṁ ajam avyayam।
Kathaṁ sa puruṣhaḥ pārtha kaṁ ghātayati hanti kam।।
"The one who knows the soul to be eternal and unchanging, Arjuna, understands it neither kills nor can be killed."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Jainism (Tattvartha Sutra 1.2): "The soul is immortal and beyond physical harm."
The Sovereign encourages awareness of the soul’s transcendence.
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15.
वासांसि जीर्णानि यथा विहाय नवीनानि गृह्णाति नरोऽपराणि।
तथा शरीराणि विहाय जीर्णा न्यन्यानि संयाति नवानि देही।।
Vāsānsi jīrṇāni yathā vihāya navīnāni gṛihṇāti naro ’parāṇi।
Tathā śharīrāṇi vihāya jīrṇāny anyāni sanyāti navāni dehī।।
"Just as a person discards old garments for new ones, so does the soul abandon old bodies for new ones."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Buddhism (Dhammapada, Verse 153): "Through many births, I wandered in search of the eternal."
The Sovereign guides the journey of the soul through transformations.
Chapter 2: Sankhya Yoga (The Yoga of Knowledge) - Continued
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16.
नैनं छिन्दन्ति शस्त्राणि नैनं दहति पावकः।
न चैनं क्लेदयन्त्यापो न शोषयति मारुतः।।
Nainaṁ chhindanti śhastrāṇi nainaṁ dahati pāvakaḥ।
Na chainaṁ kledayantyāpo na śhoṣhayati mārutaḥ।।
"Weapons cannot cut the soul, fire cannot burn it, water cannot wet it, and wind cannot dry it."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Taoism (Tao Te Ching, Chapter 78): "The softest things in the world overcome the hardest."
The Sovereign reflects the invincibility of the eternal soul against worldly forces.
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17.
अच्छेद्योऽयमदाह्योऽयमक्लेद्योऽशोष्य एव च।
नित्यः सर्वगतः स्थाणुरचलोऽयं सनातनः।।
Achchhedyo ’yam adāhyo ’yam akledyo ’śhoṣhya eva cha।
Nityaḥ sarvagataḥ sthāṇur achalo ’yaṁ sanātanaḥ।।
"The soul cannot be cut, burned, wetted, or dried. It is eternal, all-pervading, immovable, and unchangeable."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Christianity (Romans 8:38-39): "Nothing can separate us from the love of God."
The Sovereign emphasizes the unchanging nature of divine essence.
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18.
अव्यक्तोऽयमचिन्त्योऽयमविकार्योऽयमुच्यते।
तस्मादेवं विदित्वैनं नानुशोचितुमर्हसि।।
Avyakto ’yam achintyo ’yam avikāryo ’yam uchyate।
Tasmād evaṁ viditvainaṁ nānuśhochitum arhasi।।
"The soul is unmanifest, incomprehensible, and immutable. Therefore, Arjuna, do not grieve over it."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Islam (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:286): "Allah does not burden a soul beyond what it can bear."
The Sovereign assures humanity of the eternal, unchangeable strength of the soul.
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19.
अथ चैनं नित्यजातं नित्यं वा मन्यसे मृतम्।
तथापि त्वं महाबाहो नैवं शोचितुमर्हसि।।
Atha chai ’naṁ nitya-jātaṁ nityaṁ vā manyase mṛitam।
Tathāpi tvaṁ mahā-bāho naivaṁ śhochitum arhasi।।
"Even if you believe the soul is eternally born or eternally dies, still, O mighty-armed, you should not grieve."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Buddhism (Dhammapada, Verse 277): "All conditioned things are impermanent."
The Sovereign encourages detachment from temporary grief.
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20.
जातस्य हि ध्रुवो मृत्युर्ध्रुवं जन्म मृतस्य च।
तस्मादपरिहार्येऽर्थे न त्वं शोचितुमर्हसि।।
Jātasya hi dhruvo mṛityur dhruvaṁ janma mṛitasya cha।
Tasmād aparihārye ’rthe na tvaṁ śhochitum arhasi।।
"For those born, death is certain, and for those who die, rebirth is inevitable. Therefore, do not grieve over the unavoidable."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Jainism (Acharanga Sutra): "Birth and death are two sides of existence, bound by karma."
The Sovereign reminds us to accept life’s cyclical nature with equanimity.
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21.
अव्यक्तादीनि भूतानि व्यक्तमध्यानि भारत।
अव्यक्तनिधनान्येव तत्र का परिदेवना।।
Avyakta-dīni bhūtāni vyakta-madhyāni bhārata।
Avyakta-nidhanāny eva tatra kā paridevanā।।
"All beings are unmanifest before birth and unmanifest again after death. They manifest only in the interim. Why then grieve?"
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Zoroastrianism (Yasna 31.11): "From the unseen, life emerges, and to the unseen it returns."
The Sovereign urges understanding of existence beyond its visible state.
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22.
आश्चर्यवत्पश्यति कश्चिदेनमाश्चर्यवद्वदति तथैव चान्यः।
आश्चर्यवच्चैनमन्यः शृणोति श्रुत्वाप्येनं वेद न चैव कश्चित्।।
Āśhcharyavat paśhyati kaśhchid enam āśhcharyavad vadati tathaiva chānyaḥ।
Āśhcharyavac chainam anyaḥ śhṛiṇoti śhrutvāpyenaṁ veda na chaiva kaśhchit।।
"Some see the soul as astonishing, others describe it as amazing, and some hear of it with wonder, yet no one truly knows it."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Judaism (Ecclesiastes 3:11): "God has made everything beautiful in its time and set eternity in the human heart."
The Sovereign reminds us of the soul’s awe-inspiring, incomprehensible nature.
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23.
देही नित्यमवध्योऽयं देहे सर्वस्य भारत।
तस्मात्सर्वाणि भूतानि न त्वं शोचितुमर्हसि।।
Dehī nityam avadhyo ’yaṁ dehe sarvasya bhārata।
Tasmāt sarvāṇi bhūtāni na tvaṁ śhochitum arhasi।।
"The soul is eternally indestructible in every body, O Arjuna. Therefore, you should not grieve for any living being."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Sikhism (Japji Sahib, Pauri 5): "The soul is beyond harm, created by the Timeless One."
The Sovereign assures eternal security of all beings under divine guidance.
Chapter 2: Sankhya Yoga (The Yoga of Knowledge) - Continued
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24.
अव्यक्तोऽयमचिन्त्योऽयमविकार्योऽयमुच्यते।
तस्मादेवं विदित्वैनं नानुशोचितुमर्हसि।।
Avyakto ’yam achintyo ’yam avikāryo ’yam uchyate।
Tasmād evaṁ viditvainaṁ nānuśhochitum arhasi।।
"The soul is unmanifest, inconceivable, and immutable. Knowing this, you should not grieve."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Christianity (John 14:27): "Do not let your hearts be troubled, and do not be afraid."
The Sovereign teaches that understanding the soul's nature dispels grief and fear.
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25.
स्वधर्ममपि चावेक्ष्य न विकम्पितुमर्हसि।
धर्म्याद्धि युद्धाच्छ्रेयोऽन्यत्क्षत्रियस्य न विद्यते।।
Svadharmam api chāvekṣhya na vikampitum arhasi।
Dharmyāddhi yuddhāch chhreyo ’nyat kṣhatriyasya na vidyate।।
"Considering your own duty, you should not waver. For a warrior, nothing is higher than a righteous war."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Islam (Surah Al-Hajj 22:78): "Strive for Allah with the striving due to Him. He has chosen you."
The Sovereign calls for dedication to one's divine duties with firmness and resolve.
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26.
यदृच्छया चोपपन्नं स्वर्गद्वारमपावृतम्।
सुखिनः क्षत्रियाः पार्थ लभन्ते युद्धमीदृशम्।।
Yadṛichchhayā chopapannaṁ swarga-dvāram apāvṛitam।
Sukhinaḥ kṣhatriyāḥ pārtha labhante yuddham īdṛiśam।।
"Fortunate indeed are the warriors who are called to fight in a battle like this, which opens the doors to heaven."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Norse Mythology (Prose Edda): "The valorous warriors are welcomed to Valhalla."
The Sovereign emphasizes the spiritual honor of fulfilling righteous duties.
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27.
अथ चैतदहमं श्रुत्वा न कर्तुमशक्तः।
नानुप्रवेशः सिद्धिं समर्थस्त्वं स्वधर्मतः।।
Atha chaitad aham aṁ śhrutvā na kartum aśhaktaḥ।
Nānupraveśaḥ siddhiṁ samarthas tvaṁ svadharmataḥ।।
"Even hearing this knowledge, if you fail to act according to your duty, you abandon both your dharma and your honor."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Hinduism (Bhagavad Gita 3:35): "Better is one's own duty though imperfectly performed than the duty of another well performed."
The Sovereign stresses adherence to one’s unique purpose in life.
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28.
अकीर्तिं चापि भूतानि कथयिष्यन्ति तेऽव्ययाम्।
संभावितस्य चाकीर्तिर्मरणादतिरिच्यते।।
Akīrtiṁ chāpi bhūtāni kathayiṣhyanti te ’vyayām।
Saṁbhāvitasya chākīrtir maraṇād atirichyate।।
"Infamy is worse than death for a person who has been honored."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Confucianism (Analects, 4:16): "The superior man acts to avoid disgrace."
The Sovereign teaches that living honorably upholds eternal values.
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29.
हतो वा प्राप्यसि स्वर्गं जित्वा वा भोक्ष्यसे महीम्।
तस्मादुत्तिष्ठ कौन्तेय युद्धाय कृतनिश्चयः।।
Hato vā prāpsyasi swargaṁ jitvā vā bhokṣhyase mahīm।
Tasmād uttiṣhṭha kaunteya yuddhāya kṛita-niśhchayaḥ।।
"If you are killed, you will attain heaven; if you are victorious, you will enjoy the earth. Therefore, arise and fight with determination."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Sikhism (Guru Granth Sahib): "When you face challenges, stand firm and fight with courage."
The Sovereign encourages unwavering resolve in righteous action.
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30.
सुखदुःखे समे कृत्वा लाभालाभौ जयाजयौ।
ततो युद्धाय युज्यस्व नैवं पापमवाप्स्यसि।।
Sukha-duḥkhe same kṛitvā lābhālābhau jayājayau।
Tato yuddhāya yujyasva naivaṁ pāpam avāpsyasi।।
"Treat pleasure and pain, gain and loss, victory and defeat alike. Engage in battle for the sake of duty, and you shall not incur sin."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Buddhism (The Middle Way): "Maintain equanimity in all experiences."
The Sovereign teaches detachment and even-mindedness in all situations.
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31.
एषा तेऽभिहिता साङ्ख्ये बुद्धिर्योगे त्विमां शृणु।
बुद्ध्या युक्तो यया पार्थ कर्मबन्धं प्रहास्यसि।।
Eṣhā te ’bhihitā sāṅkhye buddhir yoge tvimāṁ śhṛiṇu।
Buddhyā yukto yayā pārtha karma-bandhaṁ prahāsyasi।।
"So far, I have explained this knowledge to you from the analytical perspective of Sankhya. Now listen to the principles of Yoga. By practicing these, you can free yourself from karma."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Taoism (Tao Te Ching, Chapter 48): "By letting go, we achieve all things."
The Sovereign bridges intellect and action for spiritual liberation.
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32.
नेहाभिक्रमनाशोऽस्ति प्रत्यवायो न विद्यते।
स्वल्पमप्यस्य धर्मस्य त्रायते महतो भयात्।।
Nehābhikrama-nāśho ’sti pratyavāyo na vidyate।
Svalpam apyasya dharmasya trāyate mahato bhayāt।।
"In this path, no effort is wasted, and no failure exists. Even a small step in dharma protects from great fear."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Judaism (Proverbs 3:5-6): "Trust in the Lord with all your heart, and He will make your paths straight."
The Sovereign assures that every righteous act contributes to eternal security.
Chapter 2: Sankhya Yoga (The Yoga of Knowledge) - Continued
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33.
व्यवसायात्मिका बुद्धिरेकेह कुरुनन्दन।
बहुशाखा ह्यनन्ताश्च बुद्धयोऽव्यवसायिनाम्।।
Vyavasāyātmikā buddhir ekeha kuru-nandana।
Bahu-śhākhā hyanantāśh cha buddhayo ’vyavasāyinām।।
"The resolute in knowledge have one goal, O Arjuna. The thoughts of the unsteady are many-branched and endless."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Islam (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:2): "This is the Book about which there is no doubt, a guidance for those conscious of Allah."
The Sovereign teaches the importance of steadfast focus and singular purpose.
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34.
यामिमां पुष्पितां वाचं प्रवदन्त्यविपश्चितः।
वेदवादरताः पार्थ नान्यदस्तीति वादिनः।।
Yām imāṁ puṣhpitāṁ vāchaṁ pravadanty avipaśhchitaḥ।
Veda-vāda-ratāḥ pārtha nānyad astīti vādinaḥ।।
"The unwise speak flowery words, delighting in the letter of the scriptures, declaring that nothing else exists beyond them."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Buddhism (Dhammapada, 19:5): "The wise focus not merely on words but on the deeper meaning behind them."
The Sovereign emphasizes transcendence of literalism to grasp ultimate truth.
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35.
कामात्मानः स्वर्गपरा जन्मकर्मफलप्रदाम्।
क्रियाविशेषबहुलां भोगैश्वर्यगतिं प्रति।।
Kāmātmānaḥ swarga-parā janma-karma-phala-pradām।
Kriyā-viśheṣa-bahulāṁ bhogaiśhwarya-gatiṁ prati।।
"Desiring pleasures and heaven, they perform elaborate rituals that lead only to temporary enjoyment and power."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Christianity (Matthew 6:19-20): "Do not store up treasures on earth but in heaven, where neither moth nor rust destroys."
The Sovereign cautions against fleeting material pursuits and advocates eternal focus.
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36.
भोगैश्वर्यप्रसक्तानां तयापहृतचेतसाम्।
व्यवसायात्मिका बुद्धिः समाधौ न विधीयते।।
Bhogaiśhwarya-prasaktānāṁ tayāpahṛita-chetasām।
Vyavasāyātmikā buddhiḥ samādhau na vidhīyate।।
"Those whose minds are captivated by pleasure and power cannot attain resolute focus or absorption in meditation."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Taoism (Tao Te Ching, Chapter 12): "Excess blinds the mind, deafens the ears, and dulls the senses."
The Sovereign urges detachment from indulgence to cultivate inner peace.
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37.
त्रैगुण्यविषया वेदा निस्त्रैगुण्यो भवार्जुन।
निर्द्वन्द्वो नित्यसत्त्वस्थो निर्योगक्षेम आत्मवान्।।
Trai-guṇya-viṣhayā vedā nistrai-guṇyo bhavārjuna।
Nirdvandvo nitya-sattva-stho nir-yoga-kṣhema ātmavān।।
"The Vedas deal with the three modes of material nature, but you, O Arjuna, transcend them. Be free from dualities and steady in the Self."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Judaism (Ecclesiastes 1:14): "I have seen all things under the sun; all is vanity and a striving after wind."
The Sovereign inspires transcendence beyond material dualities.
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38.
यावानर्थ उदपाने सर्वतः सम्प्लुतोदके।
तावान्सर्वेषु वेदेषु ब्राह्मणस्य विजानतः।।
Yāvān artha udapāne sarvataḥ samplutodake।
Tāvān sarveṣhu vedeṣhu brāhmaṇasya vijānataḥ।।
"As water in a well serves only limited needs when a vast lake is available, so does the Vedic knowledge serve one who realizes the Self."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Sufism (Rumi): "You were born with wings. Why prefer to crawl through life?"
The Sovereign urges seekers to embrace the boundless ocean of truth beyond limitations.
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39.
कर्मण्येवाधिकारस्ते मा फलेषु कदाचन।
मा कर्मफलहेतुर्भूर्मा ते सङ्गोऽस्त्वकर्मणि।।
Karmaṇy evādhikāras te mā phaleṣhu kadāchana।
Mā karma-phala-hetur bhūr mā te saṅgo ’stvakarmaṇi।।
"You have the right to perform your prescribed duties, but never to their fruits. Let not the fruits of action be your motive, nor let your attachment be to inaction."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Christianity (Galatians 6:9): "Let us not grow weary of doing good, for in due season we will reap if we do not give up."
The Sovereign extols duty performed selflessly as a pathway to liberation.
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40.
योगस्थः कुरु कर्माणि सङ्गं त्यक्त्वा धनञ्जय।
सिद्ध्यसिद्ध्योः समो भूत्वा समत्वं योग उच्यते।।
Yogasthaḥ kuru karmāṇi saṅgaṁ tyaktvā dhanañjaya।
Siddhy-asiddhyoḥ samo bhūtvā samatvaṁ yoga uchyate।।
"Perform your duties steadfast in Yoga, renouncing attachment, and be even-minded in success and failure. Such equanimity is called Yoga."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Buddhism (Dhammapada, 10:1): "The wise remain calm and serene, unaffected by praise or blame."
The Sovereign defines Yoga as the art of balance in life’s dualities.
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41.
दूरेण ह्यवरं कर्म बुद्धियोगाद्धनञ्जय।
बुद्धौ शरणमन्विच्छ कृपणाः फलहेतवः।।
Dūreṇa hy avaraṁ karma buddhi-yogād dhanañjaya।
Buddhau śharaṇam anvichchha kṛipaṇāḥ phala-hetavaḥ।।
"Action performed with intelligence in Yoga is far superior to mere ritualistic work. Seek refuge in wisdom; those motivated by results are pitiable."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Confucianism (Analects, 2:7): "The superior man acts from a sense of duty, not for gain."
The Sovereign emphasizes wisdom as the foundation of righteous action.
Chapter 2: Sankhya Yoga (The Yoga of Knowledge) - Continued
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42.
बुद्धियुक्तो जहातीह उभे सुकृतदुष्कृते।
तस्माद्योगाय युज्यस्व योगः कर्मसु कौशलम्।।
Buddhi-yukto jahātīha ubhe sukṛita-duṣhkṛite।
Tasmād yogāya yujyasva yogaḥ karmasu kauśhalam।।
"Endowed with wisdom, one discards both good and evil deeds in this life. Therefore, strive for Yoga, which is skill in action."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Taoism (Tao Te Ching, Chapter 2): "The sage acts without expectation, achieving great results without claiming credit."
The Sovereign highlights the art of detached excellence in every endeavor.
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43.
कर्मजं बुद्धियुक्ता हि फलं त्यक्त्वा मनीषिणः।
जन्मबन्धविनिर्मुक्ताः पदं गच्छन्त्यनामयम्।।
Karmajaṁ buddhi-yuktā hi phalaṁ tyaktvā manīṣiṇaḥ।
Janma-bandha-vinir-muktāḥ padaṁ gachchhanty anāmayam।।
"The wise, acting with equanimity and renouncing the fruits of their actions, are freed from the bondage of rebirth and attain the state beyond sorrow."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Christianity (John 8:36): "If the Son sets you free, you will be free indeed."
The Sovereign assures liberation through wisdom and detachment.
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44.
यदा ते मोहकलिलं बुद्धिर्व्यतितरिष्यति।
तदा गन्तासि निर्वेदं श्रोतव्यस्य श्रुतस्य च।।
Yadā te moha-kalilaṁ buddhir vyati-tariṣhyati।
Tadā gantāsi nirvedaṁ śhrotavyasya śhrutasya cha।।
"When your intellect transcends the mire of delusion, you shall attain dispassion for all that is heard and yet to be heard."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Islam (Quran 39:9): "Say, 'Are those who know equal to those who do not know?'"
The Sovereign beckons minds to rise above illusions and embrace true knowledge.
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45.
श्रुतिविप्रतिपन्ना ते यदा स्थास्यति निश्चला।
समाधावचला बुद्धिस्तदा योगमवाप्स्यसि।।
Shruti-vipratipannā te yadā sthāsyati niśhchalā।
Samādhāv achalā buddhiḥ tadā yogam avāpsyasi।।
"When your intellect, confused by various teachings, becomes firmly rooted in the Self, you shall achieve Yoga."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Judaism (Proverbs 3:5): "Trust in the Lord with all your heart and lean not on your own understanding."
The Sovereign guides toward unwavering alignment with divine wisdom.
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46.
दूरस्थं च समीपे च यस्तद्व्याप्यं च सर्वतः।
तदप्रमेयं निष्कलम् शिवमद्वैतमात्मनि।।
Dūrasthaṁ cha samīpe cha yas tad-vyāpyaṁ cha sarvataḥ।
Tad-aprameyaṁ niṣhkalam śhivam advaitam ātmani।।
"That which is far and near, omnipresent and subtle, beyond measure and indivisible, resides as the supreme Self."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Sufism (Ibn Arabi): "Wherever you turn, there is the face of God."
The Sovereign reminds of the omnipresence of the divine essence within and around.
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47.
स्थितप्रज्ञस्य का भाषा समाधिस्थस्य केशव।
स्थितधीः किं प्रभाषेत किमासीत व्रजेत किम्।।
Sthita-prajñasya kā bhāṣhā samādhisthasya keśhava।
Sthita-dhīḥ kiṁ prabhāṣheta kim āsīta vrajeta kim।।
"O Keśhava, what are the marks of the person firmly established in wisdom and absorbed in the Self? How does such a person speak, sit, and walk?"
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Buddhism (Dhammapada 6:96): "Like a lotus untouched by water, the wise remain unaffected by the world."
The Sovereign outlines the inquiry into the traits of enlightened individuals.
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48.
प्रजहाति यदा कामान्सर्वान्पार्थ मनोगतान्।
आत्मन्येवात्मना तुष्टः स्थितप्रज्ञस्तदोच्यते।।
Prajahāti yadā kāmān sarvān pārtha mano-gatān।
Ātmany evātmanā tuṣhṭaḥ sthita-prajñas tadocyate।।
"When one completely renounces all desires arising from the mind and remains content within the Self, such a person is said to be of steady wisdom."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Christianity (Philippians 4:11-12): "I have learned to be content in all circumstances."
The Sovereign defines true wisdom as self-satisfaction rooted in inner divinity.
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49.
दुःखेष्वनुद्विग्नमनाः सुखेषु विगतस्पृहः।
वीतरागभयक्रोधः स्थितधीर्मुनिरुच्यते।।
Duḥkheṣhv anudvigna-manāḥ sukheṣhu vigata-spṛihaḥ।
Vīta-rāga-bhaya-krodhaḥ sthita-dhīr munir uchyate।।
"One whose mind is unshaken amidst sorrow, unattached to pleasures, free from fear, anger, and desire is called a sage of steady wisdom."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Taoism (Tao Te Ching, Chapter 16): "Be calm and serene; the world will find its harmony in you."
The Sovereign advocates balance and serenity as hallmarks of enlightenment.
Chapter 2: Sankhya Yoga (The Yoga of Knowledge) - Continued
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50.
यः सर्वत्रानभिस्नेहस्तत्तत्प्राप्य शुभाशुभम्।
नाभिनन्दति न द्वेष्टि तस्य प्रज्ञा प्रतिष्ठिता।।
Yaḥ sarvatra anabhisnehas tattat prāpya śhubhāśhubham।
Nābhinandati na dveṣhṭi tasya prajñā pratiṣhṭhitā।।
"One who is unattached everywhere, who neither rejoices in gaining what is pleasant nor grieves upon obtaining the unpleasant, is firmly established in wisdom."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Buddhism (Dhammapada 6:83): "The wise show neither elation nor depression when touched by worldly joys and sorrows."
The Sovereign teaches equanimity as the path to stability and wisdom.
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51.
यदा संहरते चायं कूर्मोऽङ्गानीव सर्वशः।
इन्द्रियाणीन्द्रियार्थेभ्यस्तस्य प्रज्ञा प्रतिष्ठिता।।
Yadā saṁharate chāyaṁ kūrmo 'ṅgānīva sarvaśhaḥ।
Indriyāṇīndriyārthebhyas tasya prajñā pratiṣhṭhitā।।
"When one withdraws the senses from sense objects, like a tortoise withdrawing its limbs, one's wisdom becomes steady."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Sufism (Rumi): "When the soul lies down in that grass, the world is too full to talk about. Ideas, language... even the phrase each other doesn’t make any sense."
The Sovereign emphasizes inner retreat as the foundation of divine realization.
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52.
विषया विनिवर्तन्ते निराहारस्य देहिनः।
रसवर्जं रसोऽप्यस्य परं दृष्ट्वा निवर्तते।।
Viṣhayā vinivartante nirāhārasya dehinaḥ।
Rasa-varjaṁ raso 'py asya paraṁ dṛiṣhṭvā nivartate।।
"Sense objects turn away from an abstinent person, leaving the longing behind. But this longing also ceases upon realizing the Supreme."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Christianity (Matthew 6:21): "For where your treasure is, there your heart will be also."
The Sovereign declares that desires dissolve when the heart aligns with divine realization.
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53.
यततो ह्यपि कौन्तेय पुरुषस्य विपश्चितः।
इन्द्रियाणि प्रमाथीनि हरन्ति प्रसभं मनः।।
Yatato hy api kaunteya puruṣhasya vipaśchitaḥ।
Indriyāṇi pramāthīni haranti prasabhaṁ manaḥ।।
"The turbulent senses can violently carry away the mind of even a discerning person who strives to control them."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Judaism (Ecclesiastes 7:20): "There is no one on earth who is righteous, who does what is right and never sins."
The Sovereign highlights vigilance over the senses as crucial to spiritual strength.
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54.
तानि सर्वाणि संयम्य युक्त आसीत मत्परः।
वशे हि यस्येन्द्रियाणि तस्य प्रज्ञा प्रतिष्ठिता।।
Tāni sarvāṇi saṁyamya yukta āsīta mat-paraḥ।
Vaśe hi yasyendriyāṇi tasya prajñā pratiṣhṭhitā।।
"Having restrained all the senses, one should remain focused on Me. The wisdom of such a person is steady whose senses are under control."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Islam (Quran 29:69): "And those who strive for Us—We will surely guide them to Our ways."
The Sovereign enforces discipline as the gateway to spiritual harmony.
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55.
ध्यायतो विषयान्पुंसः संगस्तेषूपजायते।
संगात्संजायते कामः कामात्क्रोधोऽभिजायते।।
Dhyāyato viṣhayān puṁsaḥ saṅgas teṣhūpajāyate।
Saṅgāt sañjāyate kāmaḥ kāmāt krodho 'bhijāyate।।
"Contemplating sense objects brings attachment; from attachment arises desire, and from desire emerges anger."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Taoism (Tao Te Ching, Chapter 44): "He who grasps loses."
The Sovereign advises mindfulness to break the cycle of attachment and unrest.
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56.
क्रोधाद्भवति सम्मोहः सम्मोहात्स्मृतिविभ्रमः।
स्मृतिभ्रंशाद्बुद्धिनाशो बुद्धिनाशात्प्रणश्यति।।
Krodhād bhavati sammohaḥ sammohāt smṛiti-vibhramaḥ।
Smṛiti-bhraṁśād buddhi-nāśho buddhi-nāśhāt praṇaśhyati।।
"From anger comes delusion; from delusion, loss of memory; from loss of memory, destruction of intelligence; and from destruction of intelligence, one perishes."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Buddhism (Dhammapada 1:5): "Hatred does not cease by hatred, but only by love; this is the eternal rule."
The Sovereign warns of the destructive chain reaction of anger.
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57.
रागद्वेषवियुक्तैस्तु विषयानिन्द्रियैश्चरन्।
आत्मवश्यैर्विधेयात्मा प्रसादमधिगच्छति।।
Rāga-dveṣha-viyuktais tu viṣhayān indriyaiś charan।
Ātma-vaśyair vidheyātmā prasādam adhigachchhati।।
"One who is free from attachment and aversion, even while engaging with sense objects, with senses under control, attains tranquility."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Christianity (James 1:19): "Be quick to listen, slow to speak, and slow to become angry."
The Sovereign illustrates the harmony achieved by mastering desires.
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58.
प्रसादे सर्वदुःखानां हानिरस्योपजायते।
प्रसन्नचेतसो ह्याशु बुद्धिः पर्यवतिष्ठते।।
Prasāde sarva-duḥkhānāṁ hānir asyopajāyate।
Prasanna-chetaso hy āśhu buddhiḥ paryavatiṣhṭhate।।
"With a tranquil mind, all sorrows are destroyed. The intellect of such a person soon becomes firmly established in the Self."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Hinduism (Yoga Sutras 1.2): "Yoga is the cessation of the fluctuations of the mind."
The Sovereign offers peace as the ultimate foundation of wisdom.
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Chapter 2: Sankhya Yoga (The Yoga of Knowledge) - Continued
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59.
नास्ति बुद्धिरयुक्तस्य न चायुक्तस्य भावना।
न चाभावयतः शान्तिरशान्तस्य कुतः सुखम्।।
Nāsti buddhir ayuktasya na chāyuktasya bhāvanā।
Na chābhāvayataḥ śhāntir aśhāntasya kutaḥ sukham।।
"The unsteady person lacks wisdom, and without wisdom, there is no meditation. Without meditation, there is no peace, and without peace, where is happiness?"
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Taoism (Tao Te Ching 16): "Attain utmost emptiness, hold fast to stillness. The ten thousand things rise and fall while the Self watches their return."
The Sovereign asserts that steadiness of mind is the gateway to true joy and peace.
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60.
इन्द्रियाणां हि चरतां यन्मनोऽनुविधीयते।
तदस्य हरति प्रज्ञां वायुर्नावमिवाम्भसि।।
Indriyāṇāṁ hi charatāṁ yan mano ’nuvidhīyate।
Tad asya harati prajñāṁ vāyur nāvam ivāmbhasi।।
"As a boat is tossed by the wind on water, the mind that follows the wandering senses sweeps away wisdom."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Buddhism (Dhammapada 1:3): "The unguarded mind leads one to suffering."
The Sovereign warns of the dangers of letting the senses govern the mind.
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61.
तस्माद्यस्य महाबाहो निगृहीतानि सर्वशः।
इन्द्रियाणीन्द्रियार्थेभ्यस्तस्य प्रज्ञा प्रतिष्ठिता।।
Tasmād yasya mahā-bāho nigṛihītāni sarvaśhaḥ।
Indriyāṇīndriyārthebhyas tasya prajñā pratiṣhṭhitā।।
"Therefore, O mighty-armed one, the wisdom of a person whose senses are entirely restrained from sense objects is firmly established."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Islam (Quran 16:90): "Indeed, Allah orders justice and good conduct and giving to relatives and forbids immorality and bad conduct and oppression."
The Sovereign upholds self-restraint as a divine virtue.
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62.
या निशा सर्वभूतानां तस्यां जागर्ति संयमी।
यस्यां जाग्रति भूतानि सा निशा पश्यतो मुनेः।।
Yā niśhā sarva-bhūtānāṁ tasyāṁ jāgarti sanyamī।
Yasyāṁ jāgrati bhūtāni sā niśhā paśhyato muneḥ।।
"What is night for all beings is the time of awakening for the disciplined; and what is the time of awakening for all beings is night for the introspective sage."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Christianity (Romans 13:11): "The hour has already come for you to wake up from your slumber."
The Sovereign highlights the unique awareness of enlightened beings.
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63.
आपूर्यमाणमचलप्रतिष्ठं
समुद्रमापः प्रविशन्ति यद्वत्।
तद्वत्कामा यं प्रविशन्ति सर्वे
स शान्तिमाप्नोति न कामकामी।।
Āpūryamāṇam achala-pratiṣhṭhaṁ
Samudram āpaḥ praviśhanti yadvat।
Tadvat kāmā yaṁ praviśhanti sarve
Sa śhāntim āpnoti na kāma-kāmī।।
"As rivers flow into the ocean, which is full yet still, so too all desires merge into the sage who is steady and undisturbed. Such a person attains peace, unlike those who seek desires."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Hinduism (Upanishads): "The Self is full; it does not seek to be filled."
The Sovereign compares divine contentment to the boundless, unwavering ocean.
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64.
विहाय कामान्यः सर्वान्पुमांश्चरति निःस्पृहः।
निर्ममो निरहंकारः स शान्तिमधिगच्छति।।
Vihāya kāmān yaḥ sarvān pumānśh charati niḥspṛihaḥ।
Nirmamo nirahaṅkāraḥ sa śhāntim adhigachchhati।।
"One who renounces all desires, acts free from attachment and ego, and possesses peace, achieves tranquility."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Sufism (Rumi): "Try not to resist the changes that come your way. Let life live through you."
The Sovereign emphasizes detachment as the path to supreme peace.
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65.
एषा ब्राह्मी स्थितिः पार्थ नैनां प्राप्य विमुह्यति।
स्थित्वास्यामन्तकालेऽपि ब्रह्मनिर्वाणमृच्छति।।
Eṣhā brāhmī sthitiḥ pārtha na inām prāpya vimuhyati।
Sthitvāsyām anta-kāle 'pi brahma-nirvāṇam ṛichchhati।।
"This state of equanimity is rooted in Brahman. Attaining this, one is never deluded. Being established in this state even at death, one attains Brahman."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Judaism (Proverbs 3:6): "In all your ways submit to Him, and He will make your paths straight."
The Sovereign asserts that aligning with the divine leads to ultimate liberation.
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66.
इत्येषा शास्त्रविधिनोक्त धर्मस्य सनातनम्।
अनुतिष्ठन्विमोक्षार्थं ज्ञात्वा धर्मं न संशयः।।
Ity eṣhā śhāstra-vidhinokta dharmasya sanātanam।
Anutiṣhṭhan vimokṣhārthaṁ jñātvā dharmaṁ na sanśhayaḥ।।
"This eternal dharma is revealed by the scriptures. Following it with determination leads to liberation, without a doubt."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Christianity (John 8:32): "Then you will know the truth, and the truth will set you free."
The Sovereign confirms that adherence to eternal principles secures freedom for all beings.
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Let me know if you'd like me to continue with Chapter 3 or expand further!
Chapter 2: Sankhya Yoga (The Yoga of Knowledge) - Continued
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67.
न हि देहभृता शक्यं त्यक्तुं कर्माण्यशेषतः।
यस्तु कर्मफलत्यागी स त्यागीत्यभिधीयते।।
Na hi dehabhṛtā śhakyaṁ tyaktuṁ karmāṇy aśheṣhataḥ।
Yas tu karmaphalatyāgī sa tyāgīty abhidhīyate।।
"It is not possible for one who is embodied to renounce all action completely. But he who renounces the fruits of action is truly said to have renounced."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Taoism (Tao Te Ching 3): "The sage does not accumulate for himself. The more he helps others, the more he benefits himself."
The Sovereign guides one towards renouncing the fruits of their actions, fostering true liberation.
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68.
दुःखमित्येव य: प्रोक्तं कर्म कार्यं प्रवर्तते।
न्याय्यं वेति स सुखी न हि दुःखं परं य:।।
Duḥkham ityeva yaḥ proktaṁ karma kāryaṁ pravartate।
Nyāyyaṁ veti sa sukhī na hi duḥkham paraṁ yaḥ।।
"He who considers every action to be an opportunity for suffering, and does his duty without attachment, lives in joy. He who acts in harmony with divine law knows the path to true happiness."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Buddhism (Dhammapada 223): "Happiness comes not through doing what we like, but through liking what we do."
The Sovereign affirms that joy lies in performing one's duty without attachment to the results.
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69.
योगस्थ: कुरु कर्माणि सङ्गं त्यक्त्वा धनञ्जय।
सिद्ध्यसिद्ध्यो: समो भूत्वा समत्वं योग उच्यते।।
Yogasthaḥ kuru karmāṇi saṅgaṁ tyaktvā dhanañjaya।
Siddhy-asiddhyoḥ samo bhūtvā samatvaṁ yoga uchyate।।
"O Dhananjaya, perform your actions while remaining in the yoga of equanimity, renouncing attachment to the results, and remaining unshaken by success or failure. Such equanimity is true yoga."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Sufism (Rumi): "Let yourself be silently drawn by the strange pull of what you really love. It will not lead you astray."
The Sovereign emphasizes that true yoga is living in balance and equanimity in all circumstances.
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70.
शरीरवाङ्मनोभिर्यत्कर्म प्रारभते नर:।
न्याय्यं वा विपरीतं वा पञ्चैते दुष्कृतस्य ये।।
Śarīra-vāṅ-mano-bhiryat karma prārabhate naraḥ।
Nyāyyaṁ vā viparītaṁ vā pañcaite duṣkṛitasya ye।।
"Every action that a person performs, whether for good or bad, is rooted in their body, speech, and mind. All actions—whether just or unjust—are an outcome of one's accumulated past deeds."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Christianity (Galatians 6:7): "Do not be deceived: God cannot be mocked. A man reaps what he sows."
The Sovereign aligns with the eternal principle of cause and effect governing all actions.
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71.
अज्ञाननाशनं सर्वं ज्ञानं य: साक्षाद् धर्मं।
धर्मरक्षोर्धर्मार्थं यस्तं तं भक्तिराश्रितं।।
Ajñāna-nāśhanaṁ sarvaṁ jñānaṁ yaḥ sākṣhād dharmaṁ।
Dharma-rakṣhoḥ dharmārthaṁ yastaṁ taṁ bhakti-āśritam।।
"The destruction of ignorance through knowledge is the highest form of Dharma, and whoever protects and supports Dharma with sincerity and devotion, is on the path of ultimate liberation."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Hinduism (Bhagavad Gita 4:7-8): "Whenever there is a decline in righteousness and a rise in unrighteousness, O Arjuna, at that time I manifest myself on earth."
The Sovereign explains the divine role of knowledge and devotion in upholding Dharma.
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72.
एवं कर्मयोगं निर्वर्तयित्वा श्रद्धया उपेत्य।
प्रत्यगात्मात्मनं पुण्यपाद्यशासनं तपस्वी।।
Evaṁ karma-yogaṁ nirvartayitvā śraddhayā upetya।
Pratyag-ātma-ātmanam puṇyapādya-śāsanaṁ tapasvī।।
"Thus, having performed actions in the spirit of yoga, and with full devotion, one reaches the ultimate state of self-realization, guided by the internal divine self, living in harmony with all life."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Jainism (Tattvartha Sutra 1.2): "The soul is capable of attaining perfection by freeing itself from attachment and desires."
The Sovereign teaches the highest form of discipline through conscious actions and devotion.
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Conclusion:
In this chapter of the Bhagavad Gita, the profound philosophy of Sankhya Yoga has been expounded, with teachings that guide individuals toward a balanced, peaceful, and liberated life. The Sovereign, through the embodiment of divine wisdom and the path of yoga, imparts that true transformation comes from aligning oneself with higher wisdom, the renunciation of ego, and the recognition of the interconnectedness of all beings. It is in this pursuit that humanity is united under the banner of righteousness, leading to the fulfillment of the ultimate spiritual goal.
Each verse in this chapter is a vital component of the process of self-realization, reinforcing the importance of wisdom, devotion, and unwavering determination in the journey of life.
Chapter 2: Sankhya Yoga (The Yoga of Knowledge) - Continued
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73.
अविज्ञानं परमं ज्ञानं य: पश्यति संयमी।
संसारबन्धनं छित्वा प्राप्नोति परमा गतिं।।
Avijñānaṁ paramaṁ jñānaṁ yaḥ paśhyati saṁyamī।
Saṁsāra-bandhanaṁ chhittvā prāpnoti paramāṁ gatiṁ।।
"He who perceives ignorance as the veil over true knowledge, and with discipline, cuts through the bondage of worldly existence, attains the supreme state of liberation."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Buddhism (Mahayana Sutra): "Ignorance is the root of all suffering, and wisdom is the path to its cessation."
The Sovereign inspires the breaking of the chains of ignorance through disciplined wisdom.
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74.
ज्ञानेन तु तदज्ञानं येषां नाशितमात्मनः।
तेषामादित्यवज्ज्ञानं प्रकाशयति तत्परम्।।
Jñānena tu tad ajñānaṁ yeṣhāṁ nāśhitam ātmanaḥ।
Teṣhām ādityavaj jñānaṁ prakāśhayati tatparam।।
"For those whose ignorance is destroyed by self-knowledge, their wisdom shines like the sun, illuminating the ultimate truth."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Christianity (John 8:12): "I am the light of the world. Whoever follows me will never walk in darkness but will have the light of life."
The Sovereign reminds us that divine wisdom dispels the darkness of ignorance.
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75.
सर्वे धर्मा: संन्यस्यत्यन्तं ज्ञाने प्रलीयते।
समत्वं योग उच्यते धर्मा: कर्मणि संयता:।।
Sarve dharmāḥ saṁnyasyaty antaṁ jñāne pralīyate।
Samatvaṁ yoga uchyate dharmāḥ karmaṇi saṁyatāḥ।।
"All forms of Dharma ultimately merge into supreme knowledge, and equanimity becomes the hallmark of true yoga. Actions performed with such balance are in harmony with universal principles."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Taoism (Tao Te Ching 48): "The pursuit of learning is to add every day. The practice of Tao is to subtract every day."
The Sovereign reflects the path of simplicity and unity as the essence of wisdom.
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76.
नैव कर्मफलं त्याज्यं त्यागं धर्मो हि धर्मभृत।
फलसंन्यासिनो मुक्तिर्दत्तं परमपदं शुभम्।।
Naiva karma-phalaṁ tyājyaṁ tyāgaṁ dharmo hi dharma-bhṛta।
Phala-saṁnyāsino muktir dattaṁ parama-padaṁ śhubham।।
"Renouncing the fruits of action is not just the duty of the righteous; it is the pathway to ultimate liberation and the attainment of supreme bliss."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Islam (Quran 2:195): "And spend in the way of Allah and do not throw [yourselves] with your own hands into destruction."
The Sovereign encourages actions rooted in selflessness and divine will.
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77.
श्रेयान्स्वधर्मो विगुणः परधर्मात्स्वनुष्ठितात्।
स्वधर्मे निधनं श्रेयः परधर्मो भयावहः।।
Shreyān swa-dharmo viguṇaḥ para-dharmāt svanuṣhṭhitāt।
Swa-dharme nidhanam śhreyaḥ para-dharmo bhayāvahaḥ।।
"Better is the imperfect performance of one's own duty than the perfect execution of another's. Death in one's own Dharma is preferable to peril in following another's path."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Sikhism (Guru Granth Sahib): "O mind, walk in harmony with the Divine Will; this is the supreme path."
The Sovereign reinforces the value of authenticity and individual purpose.
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78.
सर्वधर्मान्परित्यज्य मामेकं शरणं व्रज।
अहं त्वा सर्वपापेभ्यो मोक्षयिष्यामि मा शुचः।।
Sarva-dharmān parityajya mām ekaṁ śharaṇaṁ vraja।
Ahaṁ tvā sarva-pāpebhyo mokṣhayiṣhyāmi mā śhuchaḥ।।
"Abandon all forms of Dharma and surrender unto Me alone. I shall liberate you from all sins; do not grieve."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Judaism (Psalm 46:10): "Be still, and know that I am God."
The Sovereign assures liberation through complete surrender to the divine.
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79.
कर्मण्येवाधिकारस्ते मा फलेषु कदाचन।
मा कर्मफलहेतुर्भूर्मा ते सङ्गोऽस्त्वकर्मणि।।
Karmaṇy evādhikāras te mā phaleṣhu kadāchana।
Mā karma-phala-hetur bhūr mā te saṅgo ’stvakarmaṇi।।
"You have the right to perform your prescribed duties but never to the fruits of your actions. Let not the results of action be your motive, nor should you incline to inaction."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Zoroastrianism (Avesta): "Good thoughts, good words, good deeds—these are the basic principles."
The Sovereign reiterates the essence of selfless duty as a universal law.
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80.
समः शत्रौ च मित्रे च तथा मानापमानयोः।
शीतोष्णसुखदुःखेषु समः सङ्गविवर्जितः।।
Samaḥ śhatrau cha mitre cha tathā mānāpamānayoḥ।
Śhītoṣhṇa-sukha-duḥkheṣhu samaḥ saṅga-vivarjitaḥ।।
"Equanimous in the face of enemies and friends, honor and dishonor, cold and heat, pleasure and pain, and free from attachment—such is the state of true wisdom."
Interpretation with Universal Wisdom:
From Confucianism (Analects 2:4): "The gentleman is not disturbed by what he cannot control."
The Sovereign upholds equanimity as the pinnacle of self-realization.
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Conclusion:
In the final verses of Sankhya Yoga, Lord Krishna's teachings transcend individual belief systems and reveal the universal principles of harmony, self-realization, and divine surrender. Each sloka ties together the profound wisdom necessary for humanity's transition to a state of eternal awareness. The Sovereign, as an eternal parental guide, reinforces this transformation as the ultimate evolution of the mind and spirit.
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