Physical Parameters:
- Size: India is about 3.3 million sq kms while Nigeria is about 924,000 sq kms. So India is nearly 3.5 times bigger than Nigeria in terms of land area.
- Terrain: Both India and Nigeria have varying terrain consisting of mountains, plains, plateaus, deserts, rainforests etc. Nigeria has more of tropical rainforests while India also has alpine mountains, vast alluvial plains, and Thar desert.
- Climate: Both countries have tropical climate but India also experiences temperate climate in the north. Parts of Nigeria experience more rainfall overall compared to India.
Social Parameters
- Demographics: India's population of 1.4 billion is about 8 times of Nigeria's population of 206 million. India has a higher population density on average.
- Ethnicity and Language: Both are highly multi-ethnic societies. India has 4 major ethnic groups while Nigeria has over 250 ethnic groups & 525+ languages. Hindi and English are main official languages in India. English is Nigeria's official language.
- Religion: India has a Hindu majority (80%) alongside Muslim (14%), Christian (2.3%) and other minorities. Nigeria is more diverse with Islam (53%) and Christianity (46%) as major religions & traditional beliefs.
Cultural Parameters
- Food habits: Staple foods like rice, millets and wheat are common in India alongside curries. In Nigeria, staples include grains like millets and corn served with stews/soups. Spices are used liberally in Indian cooking while it's used moderately in Nigerian.
- Clothing: Traditional Indian clothing for women includes sarees, lehenga cholis etc while men wear kurtas, lungis etc. In Nigeria, grand boubous, agbada, babariga, wrapper clothing are more common.
- Music and Dance: Both countries have diverse dance and music heritage. Nigeria is renowned for Afrobeat style pioneered by Fela Kuti alongside highlife, juju music etc. India has rich classical (Hindustani, Carnatic), folk, popular film music genres.
Economic Parameters
- Economy type: Both India and Nigeria have mixed developing economies. Agriculture is a major sector but service and industry sectors are also significant.
- GDP Size and Per Capita Income: India's $3.2 trillion GDP size is about 5 times bigger than Nigeria's $540 billion GDP. However, Nigeria has a higher per capita income of about $5,000 compared to India's per capita of around $2,400.
Overall, while some commonalities can be observed, India and Nigeria differ substantially in size, scale and other aspects reflecting their geographic locations, history and ethnic/linguistic compositions.
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