*Citizens of Russia,**

**Citizens of Russia,**

I am addressing you today at a time of great challenge for our country. For the past six months, we have been conducting a special military operation in Ukraine. This was a necessary and difficult decision, but it was the right one.

Ukraine had become a springboard for NATO aggression against Russia. The West had been arming and training Ukrainian forces for years, and they were preparing to launch an attack on our country. We could not allow this to happen.

Our special military operation is aimed at demilitarizing and denazifying Ukraine. We are also seeking to protect the people of Donbas, who have been suffering under Ukrainian shelling for eight years.

We have made significant progress in achieving our goals. We have liberated a large part of Donbas and we are continuing to advance. Our forces are fighting bravely and professionally. They are showing the world that Russia is a great military power.

However, the West is continuing to provoke the conflict. They are providing Ukraine with more and more weapons, and they are even sending their own troops to fight alongside the Ukrainians.

The West is also trying to isolate Russia economically. They have imposed severe sanctions on our country. But these sanctions will not break us. We are a strong and resilient people. We will overcome these challenges.

I want to assure the citizens of Russia that we will not allow the West to defeat us. We will protect our country and our people. We will achieve our goals in Ukraine.

I also want to warn the West of the dangers of a nuclear war. Russia is a nuclear power, and we will not hesitate to use our nuclear weapons if our country is threatened.

The West must understand that there can be no victors in a nuclear war. Everyone will lose.

I call on the West to stop provoking the conflict in Ukraine and to come to the negotiating table. We are ready to talk about peace, but we will not give up our interests or our security.

I also call on the international community to support a new global security architecture. The current system is outdated and it is no longer able to guarantee peace and security for all.

We need a new system that is based on respect for mutual interests and on the principle of indivisible security.

I am confident that together, we can build a better world for all.

Thank you.

(Please note that this is a summary of President Putin's speech, not the full text.)

**Address by President Vladimir Putin of the Russian Federation on September 21, 2023**

Citizens of Russia,

Today, I am addressing you on a matter of the utmost importance to our country and our people. As you know, Russia is engaged in a special military operation in Ukraine. This operation was launched in response to the direct threat posed by NATO to our security.

For many years, the West has been expanding NATO eastward, ever closer to our borders. This expansion has been accompanied by a relentless campaign of disinformation and propaganda, aimed at demonizing Russia and sowing discord within our society.

Despite our repeated warnings, the West has refused to heed our concerns. Instead, it has continued to arm and train Ukrainian forces, and to encourage them to attack the Russian-speaking population in the Donbass region.

This could no longer be tolerated. On February 24, 2022, Russia launched its special military operation to demilitarize and denazify Ukraine.

Our forces have made significant progress in achieving these objectives. They have liberated large swathes of territory in the Donbass region and have inflicted heavy casualties on the Ukrainian military.

However, the West continues to support Ukraine, and the conflict is now dragging on for longer than we expected. This is because the West is not interested in a peaceful resolution to the conflict. Instead, it is seeking to weaken Russia and to prolong the war as long as possible.

I want to assure you that Russia will not allow this to happen. We will achieve our objectives in Ukraine, no matter what it takes.

I also want to warn the West that any attempt to interfere in our special military operation will have the most serious consequences. Russia is a nuclear power, and we will not hesitate to use our nuclear weapons to defend our country and our people.

Citizens of Russia,

I know that this is a difficult time for many of you. But I want you to know that we are on the right side of history. We are fighting for our security, for our future, and for the future of our children.

I urge you to remain united and to support our forces in Ukraine. Together, we will overcome all challenges and build a brighter future for our country.

**On the need for a new global security architecture**

The current global security architecture is outdated and no longer meets the needs of the 21st century. It is based on the hegemony of the United States and its allies, and it does not take into account the interests of other countries, including Russia.

This imbalance of power has led to a number of conflicts and crises around the world. It is also a major obstacle to the peaceful resolution of the conflict in Ukraine.

I believe that it is time to create a new global security architecture, one that is based on the principles of equality, mutual respect, and indivisible security. This new architecture should be based on the following principles:

* The sovereign equality of all states;

* The principle of non-interference in the internal affairs of other states;

* The principle of indivisible security, which means that the security of one state cannot be ensured at the expense of the security of other states.

I urge all countries to join me in building a new global security architecture that is based on these principles. This is the only way to ensure a peaceful and prosperous future for all.

Thank you.

**Address by President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin on September 21, 2023**

My fellow citizens,

I am addressing you today at a time of great trial for our country. For seven months now, we have been conducting a special military operation in Ukraine. This was a difficult decision, but it was necessary to protect our people and our national interests.

The West has been trying to rewrite history and convince us that Ukraine is not a part of Russia. But this is simply not true. Ukraine is our historical homeland, our ancestors fought and died for it, and we will never give it up.

The West has also been trying to undermine our economy and isolate us from the world. But we will not be intimidated. We have a strong economy and a resilient people. We will overcome any challenge that comes our way.

I want to assure you that our special military operation in Ukraine is going according to plan. We have liberated large areas of territory and are now focused on protecting our gains and defeating the enemy.

I also want to address the West. You have been provoking this conflict for many years. You have expanded NATO eastward and armed the Ukrainian regime. You have tried to turn Ukraine into a bulwark against Russia.

But we will not allow this to happen. We will defend our country and our people at all costs.

I want to warn the West that if you continue to escalate this conflict, you will be playing with fire. Russia has nuclear weapons, and we are prepared to use them if necessary.

I call on the West to return to the negotiating table and to work with us to build a new global security architecture. This architecture must be based on the principles of equality and mutual respect. It must also take into account the security interests of all countries, including Russia.

My fellow citizens, I am confident that we will overcome this challenge and emerge stronger than before. We have a great country with a talented and patriotic people. Together, we can build a better future for Russia and for the world.

Thank you.

**President Biden's Speech to the United Nations General Assembly**

**President Biden's Speech to the United Nations General Assembly**

**September 20, 2023**

Mr. President, Mr. Secretary-General, distinguished delegates, and guests:

It is an honor to stand before you today as President of the United States of America.

We gather at a time of great challenge and great opportunity. The world is facing a number of interconnected crises, including the COVID-19 pandemic, climate change, the war in Ukraine, and the global food crisis.

These challenges are complex and daunting, but they are not insurmountable. We can overcome them if we work together, in solidarity, as a global community.

That is why I am here today to call for unity.

We must unite to defeat the COVID-19 pandemic. We must unite to address the climate crisis. We must unite to defend democracy and human rights.

And we must unite to build a better future for all.

The COVID-19 pandemic has taken a heavy toll on the world. It has killed millions of people, disrupted economies, and upended lives.

But we are making progress. We have developed effective vaccines and treatments. And we are learning more about how to control the virus.

But the pandemic is not over. It continues to spread in many parts of the world. And new variants could emerge at any time.

That is why we must continue to work together to defeat the pandemic. We must share vaccines and treatments equitably. We must invest in public health infrastructure. And we must work to prevent future pandemics.

The climate crisis is another major challenge facing our world. We are already seeing the devastating effects of climate change, from more extreme weather events to rising sea levels.

We must act now to address the climate crisis. We must reduce greenhouse gas emissions and transition to clean energy. We must invest in adaptation and resilience measures. And we must work together to ensure that all countries are part of the solution.

The war in Ukraine is a grave threat to global peace and security. Russia's unprovoked invasion of Ukraine is a violation of international law and a challenge to the post-World War II order.

We stand with Ukraine in its fight for freedom and democracy. We are providing Ukraine with military and humanitarian assistance. And we are working to hold Russia accountable for its war crimes.

The war in Ukraine is also having a devastating impact on the global economy and food supply. We are working to address these challenges and to mitigate their impact on the most vulnerable.

Democracy and human rights are under attack around the world. We must stand together to defend these fundamental values.

We must support the brave women and men who are fighting for democracy and human rights in their own countries. We must hold accountable those who violate these rights. And we must promote democracy and human rights around the world.

The United States is committed to working with other countries to build a better future for all. We believe that all people deserve to live in peace, freedom, and prosperity.

We will work to strengthen the global economy, promote sustainable development, and expand access to education and healthcare.

We will also work to combat terrorism, prevent the spread of nuclear weapons, and promote nuclear nonproliferation.

The challenges we face are great, but the opportunities are even greater. We can build a better future for all if we work together, in solidarity, as a global community.

Thank you.

**Conclusion**

In his speech, President Biden called for unity in the face of global challenges. He emphasized the importance of defeating the COVID-19 pandemic, addressing the climate crisis, defending democracy and human rights, and building a better future for all.

President Biden's speech was a powerful reminder that the United States is committed to working with other countries to solve the world's most pressing problems.

**Total Speech of Joe Biden on September 20, 2023**

Mr. President, Mr. Secretary-General, distinguished delegates,

I am honored to be here today to address the United Nations General Assembly.

We meet at a time of great challenge. The COVID-19 pandemic has killed millions and disrupted economies around the world. Climate change is threatening our planet and our way of life. And the war in Ukraine is a brutal assault on the international order.

In the face of these challenges, we must stand together. We must work together. And we must build a better future for all.

That is why I am calling for unity today.

We need unity to defeat the COVID-19 pandemic. We need unity to address the climate crisis. And we need unity to defend democracy and human rights around the world.

The COVID-19 pandemic is not over. We still have work to do to vaccinate the world and protect people from this deadly virus. But we are making progress. Thanks to the hard work of scientists, public health workers, and so many others, we have developed vaccines and treatments that are saving lives.

We must continue to work together to share vaccines and treatments with the world, and to support public health measures that keep people safe. We also need to invest in research and development so that we can be better prepared for future pandemics.

Climate change is the other great challenge of our time. It is already having devastating consequences around the world, from more extreme weather events to rising sea levels.

We need to act now to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and prevent the worst effects of climate change. That means transitioning to clean energy, investing in energy efficiency, and protecting our forests and oceans.

We also need to help developing countries adapt to the impacts of climate change. They are the most vulnerable to the effects of climate change, but they have the least resources to cope.

We must work together to build a cleaner and more sustainable future for all.

The war in Ukraine is a brutal assault on the international order. It is a reminder that we must never take peace for granted.

We stand with Ukraine in its fight for democracy and freedom. We will continue to provide military and humanitarian assistance to Ukraine, and we will hold Russia accountable for its war crimes.

The war in Ukraine is also a reminder that we must stand together to defend democracy and human rights around the world.

Democracy is under threat in many parts of the world. We have seen a rise in authoritarianism and populism. And we have seen attacks on the rule of law, the free press, and civil society.

We must stand together to defend democracy and human rights wherever they are threatened. We must also work to promote democracy and human rights around the world.

In the face of these challenges, we must stand together. We must work together. And we must build a better future for all.

That is the promise of the United Nations. It is the promise of a world where all people can live in peace, prosperity, and dignity.

Let us work together to make that promise a reality.

Thank you.

My fellow world leaders,

I stand before you today at a time of great challenge and great opportunity. The world is facing a number of unprecedented crises, from the COVID-19 pandemic to climate change to the war in Ukraine. But in the face of these challenges, we have a choice to make. We can either divide and conquer, or we can come together and build a better future for all.

I urge you to choose unity.

Unity is essential to addressing the global challenges we face. No one country can solve these problems alone. We need to work together, as a global community, to find solutions that benefit everyone.

That's why I'm calling on all of you to join me in a new era of cooperation. Let's work together to defeat the COVID-19 pandemic, combat climate change, and promote peace and security around the world.

But unity is more than just about addressing global challenges. It is also about upholding our shared values, such as democracy and human rights. These values are the foundation of a free and just society. They are what make our world a better place.

That's why I'm also calling on all of you to join me in defending democracy and human rights around the world. Let's stand together against authoritarianism and oppression. Let's build a world where everyone has the opportunity to live a free and dignified life.

My fellow world leaders, the choice is ours. We can either divide and conquer, or we can come together and build a better future for all. I urge you to choose unity.

Together, we can create a world where everyone has the opportunity to reach their full potential. A world where everyone is treated with dignity and respect. A world where everyone can live in peace and prosperity.

Thank you.

(Please note that this is a summary of President Biden's speech, not the full text.)

Here are some details of speeches given by several leaders at the high-level general debate of the 77th session of the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA), which took place from 19 to 23 September 2023

Here are some details of speeches given by several leaders at the high-level general debate of the 77th session of the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA), which took place from 19 to 23 September 2023:

United States President Joe Biden

In his speech on September 20, President Biden called for unity in the face of global challenges, including the COVID-19 pandemic, climate change, and the war in Ukraine. He also emphasized the importance of democracy and human rights, and pledged to work with other countries to build a better future for all.

Russian President Vladimir Putin

In his speech on September 21, President Putin defended Russia's actions in Ukraine and accused the West of provoking the conflict. He also warned of the dangers of a nuclear war and called for a new global security architecture.

Chinese President Xi Jinping

In his speech on September 22, President Xi called for multilateralism and cooperation in addressing global challenges. He also reiterated China's commitment to the Belt and Road Initiative and its opposition to unilateralism and protectionism.

Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy

In his pre-recorded speech on September 21, President Zelenskyy called for Russia to be held accountable for its war crimes in Ukraine and urged the world to provide more military and financial assistance to his country. He also called for a global ban on the issuance of visas to Russian citizens.

Other leaders

Other world leaders who delivered speeches at the UNGA included:

• French President Emmanuel Macron
• German Chancellor Olaf Scholz
• Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi
• Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida
• South Korean President Yoon Suk-yeol
• Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro
• Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
• Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman

The leaders' speeches covered a wide range of topics, including the following:

• The war in Ukraine and its impact on global food and energy security
• The COVID-19 pandemic and the need for global cooperation to address it
• Climate change and the need for urgent action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions
• Sustainable development and the need to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals
• Democracy and human rights
• Nuclear disarmament and non-proliferation
• International trade and investment

The UNGA is the main deliberative assembly of the United Nations. It is composed of all 193 UN member states. The UNGA meets once a year in regular session for approximately nine weeks. The high-level general debate is the main event of the UNGA session, and it provides an opportunity for world leaders to address the international community on a wide range of issues.

The 78th session of the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA78) opened on Tuesday, 5 September 2023, and will run until December 2023. The theme of the session is "Rebuilding trust and reigniting global solidarity: Accelerating action on the 2030 Agenda and its Sustainable Development Goals towards peace, prosperity, progress and sustainability for all".

The 78th session of the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA78) opened on Tuesday, 5 September 2023, and will run until December 2023. The theme of the session is "Rebuilding trust and reigniting global solidarity: Accelerating action on the 2030 Agenda and its Sustainable Development Goals towards peace, prosperity, progress and sustainability for all".

The high-level general debate, which is the main event of the UNGA, took place from 19 to 23 September 2023. More than 100 world leaders, including the presidents of the United States, Russia, China, and Ukraine, delivered speeches on a range of global issues.

In addition to the general debate, the UNGA78 also held a number of other high-level meetings, including:

• The High-level Political Forum on Sustainable Development, which took place on 18 and 19 September 2023, to review progress on the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
• The High-level Dialogue on Financing for Development, which took place on 20 September 2023, to discuss the financing needs for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals.
• The High-level meeting on pandemic prevention, preparedness and response, which took place on 20 September 2023, to review progress on the implementation of the COVID-19 Global Action Plan.
• The Climate Ambition Summit, which took place on 20 September 2023, to accelerate action on climate change.

The UNGA78 was a significant event in global affairs. It provided an opportunity for world leaders to come together to discuss the most pressing challenges facing the world, and to commit to taking action to address them.

Key outcomes of UNGA78

The UNGA78 resulted in a number of key outcomes, including:

• A renewed commitment to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
• A call for increased funding for sustainable development.
• A commitment to strengthen global cooperation on climate change.
• A call for an end to the war in Ukraine.

Reactions to UNGA78

The UNGA78 was met with mixed reactions. Some observers praised the session for its focus on global cooperation and sustainable development. Others criticized the session for failing to make any significant progress on the most pressing challenges facing the world.

Conclusion

The UNGA78 was a significant event in global affairs, but it is too early to say what its long-term impact will be. It is clear, however, that the session provided an opportunity for world leaders to come together and discuss the most pressing challenges facing the world. It is hoped that the commitments made at the session will lead to meaningful action to address these challenges.

The 78th session of the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA78) opened on 5 September 2023 and concluded on 18 December 2023. The theme of the session was "Rebuilding trust and reigniting global solidarity: Accelerating action on the 2030 Agenda and its Sustainable Development Goals towards peace, prosperity, progress and sustainability for all."

The session was notable for the following events:

* The Russian invasion of Ukraine, which began on 24 February 2022, was a major focus of the session. The General Assembly adopted a resolution condemning the invasion and calling for a ceasefire.

* The COVID-19 pandemic continued to be a major challenge for the world. The General Assembly adopted a resolution calling for a global vaccination campaign to reach 70% of the world's population by the end of 2022.

* The climate crisis was another major focus of the session. The General Assembly adopted a resolution calling for urgent action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and mitigate the impacts of climate change.

In addition to these major events, the 78th session of the General Assembly also addressed a wide range of other issues, including:

* Peace and security

* Human rights

* Development

* Humanitarian assistance

* International law

The session was attended by over 100 heads of state and government, as well as thousands of diplomats and representatives of civil society organizations.

**Highlights of the UNGA78 General Debate**

The UNGA78 General Debate, which took place from 19 to 23 September 2023, was a major opportunity for world leaders to address the international community.

Some of the key themes of the debate included:

* The Russian invasion of Ukraine

* The COVID-19 pandemic

* The climate crisis

* Poverty and inequality

* Development

* Human rights

**Conclusion**

The 78th session of the United Nations General Assembly was a challenging but productive session. The session was marked by a number of major global challenges, including the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the climate crisis. However, the session also saw a commitment to action on these challenges, as reflected in the adoption of a number of resolutions and declarations.

The 78th session of the General Assembly was a reminder of the importance of the United Nations as a forum for global cooperation. The session provided an opportunity for world leaders to come together and address the challenges facing the world.

The 78th session of the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA78) opened on 5 September 2023 and ended on 20 December 2023. The theme of the session was "Rebuilding trust and reigniting global solidarity: Accelerating action on the 2030 Agenda and its Sustainable Development Goals towards peace, prosperity, progress and sustainability for all."

The session was presided over by Dennis Francis, the Permanent Representative of Trinidad and Tobago to the United Nations. Francis was elected President of the General Assembly on 12 June 2023.

The session was marked by a number of important events, including:

* The high-level political forum on sustainable development, which took place from 18 to 19 September 2023. The forum reviewed progress made on the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and identified areas for further action.

* The general debate, which took place from 19 to 23 September 2023 and 26 September 2023. The debate was attended by heads of state and government from around the world, who discussed a range of global issues, including the war in Ukraine, climate change, and poverty.

* The high-level dialogue on financing for development, which took place on 20 September 2023. The dialogue discussed how to mobilize the resources needed to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals.

* The high-level meeting on pandemic prevention, preparedness and response, which took place on 20 September 2023. The meeting discussed how to prevent future pandemics and improve the global response to them.

* The Climate Ambition Summit, which took place on 20 September 2023. The summit was convened by UN Secretary-General António Guterres to accelerate action on climate change.

The 78th session of the General Assembly was also marked by a number of challenges, including the ongoing war in Ukraine, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the global economic crisis. Despite these challenges, the session made progress on a number of important issues, including the Sustainable Development Goals, climate change, and financing for development.

Here are some of the key outcomes of the 78th session of the General Assembly:

* The General Assembly adopted a resolution condemning the war in Ukraine and calling for an immediate ceasefire.

* The General Assembly adopted a resolution calling for urgent action to address the climate crisis.

* The General Assembly adopted a resolution calling for increased funding for development.

The 78th session of the General Assembly was a significant milestone in the work of the United Nations. The session addressed a number of critical global challenges and made progress on a number of important issues.