Southern Region

Southern Region

Andhra Pradesh

Main Crops: Rice (ranked as one of the top rice-producing states), maize, groundnuts, and sugarcane. The state also excels in horticulture, producing mangoes, bananas, and papayas.

Irrigation: Approximately 70% of agricultural land is irrigated, with key projects like the Polavaram and Nagarjuna Sagar Dam.

Technological Advancements: Use of mobile-based farmer advisory services and micro-irrigation systems.

Figures: Annual rice production exceeds 10 million tonnes; horticulture production stands at 31 million tonnes.

Telangana

Main Crops: Cotton, rice, maize, and red gram. The state is also a major producer of turmeric.

Irrigation: 62% of agricultural land is irrigated, supported by the Kaleshwaram Lift Irrigation Project.

Technological Advancements: Extensive adoption of drone technology for crop monitoring and pest management.

Figures: Annual cotton production exceeds 5 million bales.

Tamil Nadu

Main Crops: Rice, sugarcane, and groundnut are primary crops, alongside horticulture products like bananas and coconuts.

Irrigation: Over 60% of farmland is irrigated, using both canal systems and borewells.

Technological Advancements: Development of drought-resistant crop varieties and precision farming techniques.

Figures: Annual rice production stands at 7.5 million tonnes, and banana production is over 6 million tonnes.

Karnataka

Main Crops: Ragi, maize, sugarcane, and coffee. The state is the largest coffee producer in India.

Irrigation: Approximately 35% of agricultural land is irrigated, supported by the Krishna and Kaveri river systems.

Technological Advancements: Solar-powered irrigation systems and soil health cards for farmers.

Figures: Coffee production exceeds 220,000 tonnes annually; sugarcane production is around 36 million tonnes.

Kerala

Main Crops: Coconut, rubber, pepper, and paddy. Known for its spice plantations, Kerala is the largest producer of black pepper.

Irrigation: About 20% of agricultural land is irrigated, relying heavily on monsoon rains.

Technological Advancements: Promotion of integrated farming and organic agriculture.

Figures: Produces over 500,000 tonnes of coconut oil annually and 80,000 tonnes of black pepper.

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Western Region

Maharashtra

Main Crops: Largest producer of sugarcane, cotton, and oranges. Pulses and grains are also significant.

Irrigation: 18% of agricultural land is irrigated, supported by projects like Jayakwadi Dam.

Technological Advancements: Use of satellite imagery for crop yield predictions.

Figures: Sugarcane production exceeds 100 million tonnes; cotton production is over 8 million bales.

Goa

Main Crops: Rice, cashew nuts, and coconut are key crops.

Irrigation: Around 35% of agricultural land is irrigated.

Technological Advancements: Introduction of high-yield rice varieties.

Figures: Produces over 90,000 tonnes of cashew nuts annually.

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Eastern Region

Odisha

Main Crops: Rice, pulses, and oilseeds. The state is also a significant producer of freshwater fish.

Irrigation: About 35% of agricultural land is irrigated, with support from major projects like Hirakud Dam.

Technological Advancements: Promotion of organic farming and aquaculture development.

Figures: Produces over 10 million tonnes of rice and 500,000 tonnes of fish annually.

Assam

Main Crops: Rice, tea, and jute. Assam is the largest tea-producing state in India.

Irrigation: Only 19% of agricultural land is irrigated, relying heavily on rainfall.

Technological Advancements: Mechanized tea plucking and pest control methods.

Figures: Produces over 700,000 tonnes of tea annually, contributing 50% to India’s total tea production.

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Northeastern Region

Arunachal Pradesh

Main Crops: Rice, maize, and millet dominate.

Irrigation: Only 15% of agricultural land is irrigated, with reliance on rain-fed farming.

Technological Advancements: Introduction of terrace farming and bamboo drip irrigation.

Figures: Produces over 300,000 tonnes of rice annually.

Nagaland

Main Crops: Rice, maize, and millets, with emphasis on organic farming.

Irrigation: Limited, with around 10% of agricultural land under irrigation.

Figures: Organic farming covers 10,000 hectares of land.

Meghalaya

Main Crops: Rice, maize, and horticultural products like oranges and pineapples.

Irrigation: Less than 20% of agricultural land is irrigated.

Figures: Produces over 300,000 tonnes of rice annually.

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Union Territories

Delhi

Main Crops: Limited agriculture; vegetables and fruits dominate.

Figures: Vegetable production exceeds 100,000 tonnes annually.

Jammu & Kashmir

Main Crops: Saffron, apples, and walnuts are prominent.

Figures: Annual apple production is over 2 million tonnes; saffron production is around 16 tonnes.

Ladakh

Main Crops: Barley and wheat. Horticulture is also growing with apricots.

Figures: Produces 40,000 tonnes of barley annually.

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Overall National Scenario

Agricultural GDP Contribution: Agriculture contributes around 19% to India's GDP.

Production: India is the world’s largest producer of milk, pulses, and spices and ranks second in rice, wheat, and vegetable production.

Trade: Agricultural exports were worth $49 billion in 2023, with rice, spices, and marine products leading.

Future Outlook

Focus on sustainable agriculture, climate-resilient crops, and precision farming will ensure India remains a global agricultural powerhouse.