Most important national figures for the 2010→2025 window (these backstop the state-level trends), then follow with short, focused entries for each State/UT describing the last ~15 years of development by the key sectors you care about (mining, rail, water/irrigation, industrial corridors/ports, power).

Most important national figures for the 2010→2025 window (these backstop the state-level trends), then follow with short, focused entries for each State/UT describing the last ~15 years of development by the key sectors you care about (mining, rail, water/irrigation, industrial corridors/ports, power). 

Headline national figures (2010 → 2025 — verified sources)

1. Coal production: India recorded its highest-ever coal production in 2023–24 at ~997.8 million tonnes, up ~11.7% vs 2022–23. 

2. Power (installed capacity & state reporting): CEA published state-wise installed capacity reports through 2024 showing large additions in both thermal and renewable capacity across states (monthly/annual CEA installed capacity reports are the canonical source). 

3. Rail electrification: Indian Railways ramped electrification aggressively; by 2024–25 the broad-gauge network was reported to be >94–99% electrified, with completion of the last pockets targeted in 2024–26. 

4. Water & irrigation: National water statistics and Jal Shakti reporting show India’s net irrigated area around ~79 million hectares (2022–23) and continued canal/lift irrigation investments (PMKSY and state programmes). 

5. Renewables & state leaders: States such as Gujarat, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Maharashtra led utility-scale renewable additions; by 2024–25 Gujarat emerged as India’s leading state in installed renewable capacity. 

Regional / State & UT snapshots (2010 → 2025 trends by sector)

Notes: each entry highlights the dominant sectors for that State/UT over the last 15 years — mining/minerals, rail/connectivity, water/irrigation, industrial corridors/ports, power (including renewables) and notable flagship projects.

North & National Capital Region

Jammu & Kashmir — strategic road, rail and hydro projects have been prioritized (new rail links, tunnel works, hydro plants). Central sponsorship of large connectivity packages post-2014 accelerated modernization and power evacuation lines.

Ladakh (UT) — strategic road upgrades, runway and telecom, and water/solar microgrid pilots; slow start but rapid central investment since 2019 for connectivity and civilian infrastructure.

Himachal Pradesh — hydro power projects and transmission capacity upgrades; focus on rural electrification and road connectivity to tourist and strategic zones.

Punjab — irrigation modernization, farm power issues, and rail freight handling for agricultural commodities; canal modernization and groundwater management have been ongoing concerns.

Haryana — industrial corridor beneficiary (DMIC nodes, logistics parks), rapid urban infrastructure and power demand growth; strong transmission and distribution upgrades.

Delhi (NCT) — urban transport (metro expansions), water supply projects, and inter-state electricity procurement; metro and urban infrastructure remained central to the decade.

Uttarakhand — hydro projects, hill-road strengthening and disaster-resilience works; focus on hillside irrigation and rural electrification.

Uttar Pradesh — massive road/rail projects, DFC connectivity, extensive irrigation & lift irrigation works, and large power demand growth with new thermal and renewable capacity allocations.

West & West-Central India

Rajasthan — large solar parks, canal and lift irrigation projects (Narmada link usage), and rail connectivity upgrades for mineral and agrarian freight.

Gujarat — port modernization, large renewable capacity (solar + wind), industrial corridor development and logistics nodes; Gujarat rose to lead states on installed RE capacity. 

Maharashtra — ports (JNPT), DMIC nodes, major urban metro projects (Mumbai, Pune), thermal and renewable mixed additions; heavy industrial and logistics investment.

Goa — port & tourism-led infrastructure, constrained mining due to regulatory shifts but ongoing port and connectivity upgrades.

Dadra & Nagar Haveli & Daman & Diu (UTs) — industrial estates, port proximate logistics, and power supply upgrades serving nearby Gujarat/Maharashtra industrial clusters.

South India

Karnataka — major IT & manufacturing nodes, wind & solar growth, transmission strengthening for renewable evacuation; Bangalore metro and port/logistics developments.

Tamil Nadu — sustained wind capacity leadership, large coastal port and industrial projects, power balancing between thermal & renewables and grid enhancements.

Andhra Pradesh — large irrigation projects (Polavaram & other lift schemes), port development (Visakhapatnam, Krishna–Godavari region) and new industrial corridors.

Telangana — industrial growth (Hyderabad), significant solar and captive power, water projects and irrigation modernization.

Kerala — urban water/wastewater, coastal port strengthening and distributed renewables; constrained by terrain but focused on sustainable coastal development.

Puducherry (UT) — port & coastal projects, urban infrastructure, and renewables/energy efficiency measures.

Lakshadweep (UT) — island infrastructure and renewable/off-grid energy pilots, coastal protection works.

East & Central India

Odisha — major mining (iron ore) & steel hub, freight/rail siding expansions, port capacities (Paradip), and thermal + renewable generation growth.

Chhattisgarh — coal and power hub; captive and commercial mining, new lines for freight, and transmission strengthening for central and state power plants.

Jharkhand — iron ore, coal, and associated freight/rail works; industrial clusters linked to mineral resources and rail modernization.

Madhya Pradesh — large irrigation & canal modernization projects, rising renewable capacity, and central-state industrial park investments.

Maharashtra (central pieces) — (covered earlier) but also large inland freight & power projects across central belt.

Bihar — intensive focus on rail doubling/electrification, irrigation and river-linking works, and urban upgrades.

East & North-East

West Bengal — port modernization (Kolkata, Haldia), industrial clusters, large river & flood management works and increases in renewable procurement.

Sikkim — hydro resources, small hydropower projects and grid strengthening to export power to southern/central buyers.

Assam — connectivity push (new railway lines, bridges), oil & gas infrastructure, tea/agricultural logistics and hydropower expansion.

Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Tripura — the Northeast states have seen steady central investments to close connectivity gaps: new BG rail lines, road upgradation, rural electrification and small hydro/RE pilots. Progress accelerated post-2014 but gaps remain versus mainland averages.

Islands & Coastal UTs

Andaman & Nicobar (UT) — port upgrades, airport connectivity and island electrification/renewables; focus on tourism & logistics.

Lakshadweep (UT) — solar microgrids and coastal protection; small but targeted centrally funded works.

Southern Islands & Special UTs

Chandigarh (UT) — urban infrastructure, city water & sanitation and integration with regional rail/road networks.

Delhi, Puducherry, Chandigarh — urban transport & water projects dominate UT agendas; many are centrally funded or centrally executed.

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Sectoral cross-cutting observations (2010 → 2025)

1. Mining → rail & ports coupling: Mineral states (Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, parts of Karnataka) saw coordinated investment in rail sidings, wagons and port capacities so mineral extraction translated into exports and feedstock for steel. National coal production growth (nearly 1 billion tonnes in 2023–24) underpinned many of these investments. 

2. Railway electrification + DFC linkages: Electrification reduced diesel dependence and improved freight efficiency; DFCs and corridor works boosted freight throughput for manufacturing and minerals and were repeatedly monitored at PRAGATI. 

3. Power transition: States diversified their mixes — Rajasthan and Gujarat scaled utility solar, Tamil Nadu wind, Karnataka mixed RE and storage pilots — while coal/thermal capacity modernization continued to ensure grid stability (CEA reports). 

4. Water & irrigation focus: Massive canal projects, lift irrigation, and PMKSY-era investments have sustained net irrigated area near ~79 Mha but water-scarcity & groundwater depletion issues remain state-specific challenges. 

5. Industrial corridors & ports: DMIC and other corridor initiatives shifted manufacturing nodes into multi-state clusters (Gujarat, Maharashtra, Haryana, UP) — central in economic planning and PRAGATI monitoring. 

What this means for the 15 states/UTs reviewed in the 49th PRAGATI meeting

The ₹65,000 crore portfolio reviewed at PRAGATI reflects continuation of the last 15 years’ priorities: removing last-mile bottlenecks in mineral logistics, completing electrification/doubling for rail freight, finishing large irrigation/dam interlinking legs, and completing transmission/evacuation lines for renewables and hydro projects. (This is consistent with the national trends and sectoral facts above.)