Description of each space agency's major achievements by year, starting from their origin. Please note that this list won't be exhaustive due to the long history and numerous accomplishments of these agencies.

Description of each space agency's major achievements by year, starting from their origin. Please note that this list won't be exhaustive due to the long history and numerous accomplishments of these agencies.

1. 🇺🇲 NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration)

Founded: 1958

1961: First American in space (Alan Shepard)

1962: John Glenn orbits Earth

1969: Apollo 11 moon landing

1971: First space station (Skylab)

1976: Viking 1 lands on Mars

1981: First Space Shuttle launch

1990: Hubble Space Telescope launched

1997: Mars Pathfinder lands on Mars

2004: Mars Exploration Rovers land on Mars

2012: Curiosity rover lands on Mars

2020: SpaceX Crew Dragon first crewed flight

2021: Perseverance rover lands on Mars

2022: James Webb Space Telescope begins operations

2. 🇪🇺 ESA (European Space Agency)

Founded: 1975

1979: First Ariane rocket launched

1986: Giotto spacecraft encounters Halley's Comet

2003: SMART-1 lunar orbiter launched

2005: Huygens probe lands on Titan

2014: Rosetta's Philae lander touches down on a comet

2016: ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter reaches Mars

2022: JUICE mission to Jupiter's moons launched

3. 🇨🇳 CNSA (China National Space Administration)

Founded: 1993

2003: First Chinese astronaut in space

2007: First lunar orbiter (Chang'e-1)

2011: First space station module (Tiangong-1)

2013: Chang'e-3 lands on the Moon

2019: Chang'e-4 lands on the far side of the Moon

2020: Mars mission Tianwen-1 launched

2021: Tianhe core module of space station launched

4. 🇷🇺 Roscosmos (Russian Space Agency)

Founded: 1992 (Successor to Soviet space program)

1957: Launch of Sputnik 1, first artificial satellite (Soviet)

1961: Yuri Gagarin, first human in space (Soviet)

1963: First woman in space, Valentina Tereshkova (Soviet)

1971: First space station, Salyut 1 (Soviet)

1986: Mir space station launched (Soviet)

2000: First permanent crew on International Space Station

2011: Spektr-R space radio telescope launched

5. 🇮🇳 ISRO (Indian Space Research Organisation)

Founded: 1969

1975: First Indian satellite, Aryabhata, launched

1980: First indigenous satellite launch vehicle, SLV-3

2008: Chandrayaan-1 lunar orbiter mission

2013: Mars Orbiter Mission (Mangalyaan) launched

2017: Record 104 satellites launched in a single mission

2019: Chandrayaan-2 lunar mission launched

2022: First private rocket launch

6. 🇯🇵 JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency)

Founded: 2003 (Merger of three space agencies)

1970: First satellite, Ohsumi, launched (by predecessor ISAS)

1985: Halley's Comet observations (Suisei and Sakigake)

1997: Lunar probe SELENE launched

2003: First asteroid sample return mission, Hayabusa

2010: IKAROS solar sail mission launched

2014: Hayabusa2 asteroid sample return mission launched

2020: Samples returned from asteroid Ryugu

7. 🇨🇦 CSA (Canadian Space Agency)

Founded: 1989

1962: Alouette-1 satellite launched (pre-CSA)

1984: Marc Garneau becomes first Canadian in space (pre-CSA)

1995: Radarsat-1 Earth observation satellite launched

2001: Canadarm2 installed on International Space Station

2013: Chris Hadfield becomes first Canadian ISS commander

2019: RADARSAT Constellation Mission launched

2024: Canada to provide Canadarm3 for NASA's Lunar Gateway

This list provides a general overview of major achievements. Each agency has many more accomplishments and ongoing projects not listed here due to space constraints.